Research On The Differentiation Of Farmers' Land Awareness And Its Impact On Land Expropriation Willingness

By 2018,China's urbanization rate has reached 59.58%,which has increased by nearly 24 percentage points compared with 2000,and has great potential for future development.In the case of scarcity of urban land stock,the rapid development of urbanization is bound to complement the expropriation of rural collective land in the urban-rural ecotone,and bring about a large number of landless farmers.In the report of the Nineteenth National Congress,General Secretary Xi Jinping clearly pointed out that "farmers' willingness should be fully respected and endogenous vitality of farmers should be stimulated".For farmers,land is not only a simple means of production,but also the whole of their survival and development.As a kind of administrative act,land expropriation is compulsory.In the process of land expropriation,local governments often neglect landless farmers' willingness,which leads to contradictions and conflicts in land expropriation occur from time to time.It's not only ignores the interests of landless peasants,but also restricts the realization of the goal of completing the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects and rural revitalization.Therefore,the reform of land expropriation system in China is imminent.In addition,with the deepening of reform and opening up,farmers' land awareness has also appeared a trend of differentiation,which will inevitably bring new problems for land expropriation.Taking the differentiation of land awareness as the breakthrough point,this paper explores the farmers' land expropriation willingness,and deeply reveals the internal mechanism of the effect of the differentiation of farmers' land awareness on land expropriation willingness,which is great theoretical and practical significance for respecting different farmers' willingness,safeguarding different farmers' interests,improving land expropriation compensation measures and promoting the reform of land expropriation system in China.On the basis of reviewing the relevant research results of scholars at home and abroad,guided by intergenerational difference theory,planned behavior theory,fairness and justice theory and land expropriation compensation theory,and based on 412 valid samples obtained from the sample survey in the urban-rural ecotone of Changwu County,Shaanxi Province,this paper develops and validates the table of farmers' land awareness by factor analysis method,and clarifies the differentiation characteristics of farmers' land awareness at different ages by independent sample T-test,and construct an empirical model of the relationship between land awareness differentiation and land expropriation willingness by structural equation model,reveals the mechanism of the intergenerational differentiation of farmers' land awareness on land expropriation willingness,thus puts forward some suggestions that can not only respect farmers' different interests but also achieve smooth land acquisition work.The paper draws the following main conclusions:(1)The differentiation of land awareness forms a multi-coexistence pattern: land dependent awareness,land wealth awareness,land burden awareness and land property awareness.(2)There are obvious intergenerational differences in the differentiation of land awareness: there is a transition gradually from "high dependence-high wealth-low burden-low property right" of "post-40s" to "low dependence-low wealth-high burden-high property right" of "post-90s".(3)The differentiation of land awareness has a significant impact on farmers' land expropriation willingness: the dependence awareness and wealth awareness of the "post-40s" to "post-60s" farmers are stronger,which have a significant negative impact on the overall willingness,the proportion willingness and the use willingness;the burden awareness and property right awareness of the "post-70s" to "post-90s" farmers are more prominent,which have a significant negative and positive effect on the overall willingness,the proportion willingness and the use willingness.Based on the above conclusions,the following suggestions are put forward: respecting farmers' land awareness,fully considering farmers' interests;formulating differentiated compensation measures based on different farmers' land awareness;conducting propaganda and education work to guide land awareness to change;rationally determining the scope of land acquisition,strictly controlling the scale of urban and rural construction land;rationally planning land use and comprehensively promoting beautiful rural construction.