Practice Research On Cultivating New Type Of Professional Farmers In Agricultural Technology Extension Experimental Station

Since the beginning of the 21 st century,with the rapid advancement of urbanization and industrialization,a large number of rural young and middle-aged laborers have entered the city.The “hollowing” of rural areas and the “aging” and “commercialization” of agricultural production have become increasingly serious,severely restricting China's agriculture.Rural development.Faced with this situation,in 2012,the No.1 Document of the Central Government first proposed to “accelerate the cultivation of new professional farmers.” All localities began to cultivate new professional farmers in accordance with the requirements of “love agriculture,understand technology,and good management”,effectively solving the problem of “who will farm”.In 2017,the party's 19 th National Congress report put forward the “Implementation Strategy for Rural Revitalization”.Subsequently,in 2018,the No.1 Document of the Central Government pointed out that it should vigorously cultivate new professional farmers and innovate training mechanisms.Therefore,accelerating the cultivation of new-type professional peasants and innovating new cultivating models of professional peasants is crucial to promoting the development of modern agriculture in China and helping rural revitalization.As an agriculture college based in northwestern China,Northwest A&F University has established 27 experimental demonstration stations around the region's leading agricultural industries in order to better serve the functions of agriculture,rural areas and farmers.The rapid development of the local agricultural industry has greatly increased the income of farmers and effectively solved the problem of “last mile” in agricultural technology promotion.At the same time,after the implementation of the new professional farmers' cultivation policy,the experimental station also played an important role in the cultivation of new professional farmers in various places and took on a lot of work.Under this background,it is of great value to summarize and analyze the cultivation of new professional farmers in the experimental station and explore the mode of cultivating new professional farmers in higher agricultural institutions.This study takes the Meixian Kiwifruit Experimental Station of the Northwest A&F University as an example,conducts an in-depth field investigation on the cultivation of new professional farmers,and uses the interview method and questionnaire survey method to obtain data,among which 306 valid questionnaires are obtained.The full text is divided into: The first chapter introduces the research origin,research value,current research status,research methods,theoretical basis,related concepts and innovation points.The second chapter introduces the background of the establishment of the Kiwifruit Experimental Station in Meixian County and has the advantages of location,talents and platform and unique agricultural technology promotion mode in cultivating new professional farmers,Emphasis on the use of social network related theory to analyze the agricultural technology promotion model of "1+2+2+N" in Kiwifruit Experimental Station.The third chapter summarizes the specific practice of cultivating new type of professional farmers in the kiwifruit test station of Meixian County.In turn,it relies on the agricultural technology extension system to carry out training for potential professional farmers,the professional teachers participate in the theory and practice teaching of professional farmers,undertake professional farmers training courses,organize various forms of international exchange activities,establish a continuous cultivation mechanism for professional farmers,and carry out lifelong education.The fourth chapter analyzes the achievements of cultivating new professional peasants in the kiwifruit test station in Meixian County,and the interview data obtained from the three aspects of leading the rapid development of kiwifruit industry,improving the human capital level of new professional peasants and the substantial increase of peasant income,combined with the interview data and questionnaire data obtained from the survey.Discussion;Chapter 5 analyzes the current existence of new professional farmers in the experimental station The sixth chapter combines the problems discovered by the research and proposes corresponding improvement measures: firstly,establish a synergy mechanism between the experimental station and the local government,and clarify the division of powers and responsibilities;secondly,increase funds and policies to support the establishment of long-term special funds and formulate preferential policies.Again,adjust the cultivation process according to local conditions,establish a course exemption mechanism;finally,innovate the organizational structure of the test station and optimize the human resource allocation of the test station.