Research On The Cultivation Of Professional Farmers Based On The New Types Of Agricultural Businesses

In twenty-first Century China farmers stand at a new historical starting point, the new situation in industrialization, urbanization, marketization, informationization,internationalization, society is undergoing profound changes, farmers are changed from traditional farmers to new professional farmer, they are a group of new peasants who have culture, understand the technology, management, Awareness policy, Building organization and civilized. To train the new occupation farmers is promoting the new rural construction and is the key to solve the problem of "three agriculture". Research on the cultivation of new occupation farmer development is very important to promote modern agriculture in China also to consolidate the basic status of China's agriculture, the Central Document No. 1 in 2012 proposed " We need to vigorously develop the rural practical talent, in order to improve the quality, professional skill and management ability of science and technology as the core, large-scale rural practical talents training " in 2013 No. 1 document of the Central Committee put forward the " We need to vigorously support the development of various kinds of new farmer cooperative organizations, to strengthen leading enterprises " Comprehensive above, this paper puts forward the construct a new type of agricultural operation organizations as a platform of professional farmers cultivate the idea. The research focuses on the thought of "the present situation,the environment of cultivation, the platform of the formation and the support policy of professional farmers". The main research contents of this paper include the following aspects:First, this paper distinguishes the definition of farmers, migrant workers and new professional farmers,On the basis of professional farmers cultivating involved theory was reviewed, including the social division of labor theory, the theory of human capital investment and income gap theory.Second, the research status of the cultivation of occupation of farmers, which respectively introduces three modes of current occupation farmers cultivate, including government driven,market driven and promote the school type, And make a simple review of the advantages and disadvantages of three models, this paper discusses on the problems arising from the professional farmers cultivating, from cultivating the subject, foster the subject of platform, cultivating our will is analyzed, and from two aspects of increasing farmers' income and social development analysis of the necessity of professional farmers cultivating.Third, Analysis of the environment factor for the formation of professional farmers,including endogenous and exogenous environmental factors, The former three aspects including land, labor, mechanical forces . This article introduce in detail 30 years in our country the change of cultivated land, the status of the rural labor resources, the agricultural mechanization, Exogenous environmental factors include the call of modern agriculture on the occupation of farmers, increasing agricultural policy support, the safety of agricultural products demand. Environmental analysis not only understand the urgency of the cultivation of professional farmers but also to provide the basis for the cultivation of professional farmers related policies.Fourth, Construct a new type of agricultural management main body as a platform of professional farmers cultivating way ,this paper studies the new occupation farmer business entities including leading enterprises, farmers' professional cooperatives, professional large three forms, Each platform on the present situation, the training mode, forming way, related to suggest four parts to study, With leading professional platform for professional farmers cultivate proposed the disadvantages of the existing "leading enterprises + farmers" model,the "leading enterprises + intermediary organization + farmers" model has more economic effect, This paper collected 2013 China agricultural reclamation yearbook 139 leading enterprises in a sample of the factor analysis, selected occupation farmers form financial factor labor factor, market factor, sustainable development factors and four indicators, On the platform of professional cooperatives to professional farmers cultivating mainly used in the study of social division of labor theory, this paper introduces the breeding process of different types of professional farmers and classification, in the family farm as a platform of professional farmers cultivate study, family farm is introduced the existing problems and future development model.Fifth, Based on the experience of the foreign professional farmers cultivating , the paper selected the representative of the United States North American mode represented by Germany and the European model, the East Asian model represented by Japan, the research background, To study the professional farmers form the background, experience and effect,Summarizes the foreign professional farmers cultivate enlightenment to our country, from professional farmers legislation, education system, extend the industrial chain, and improve and upgrade the level of public servicesSixth, This paper presents a professional farmers cultivate relevant supporting policies,the main points are as follows: Professional farmers access to system is established, and based on the characteristics of cultivated land, the development of modern agriculture areas cultivate professional farmers, build perfect professional farmers education system,supporting the new type of agricultural management main body, to develop the agricultural mechanization, increase financial investment and enhance the level of public services.