Study On Traffic Congestion Charging Strategy Based On Behavioral Economics

Traffic congestion has always been a common problem in many cities.Traffic congestion will not only aggravate the pollution of vehicle emission,but also cause huge economic losses.The main reason of urban traffic congestion is that the traffic demand exceeds the supply capacity of urban roads.Previous studies have shown that alleviating traffic congestion by increasing supply capacity is only a temporary solution.Mitigation of traffic congestion should be considered from the perspective of controlling traffic demand.Traffic congestion charging is one of the means to control traffic demand.Exploring how to implement traffic congestion charging which provides guidance for relevant departments to implement traffic congestion charging is an issue to be considered in this paper.First of all,this paper introduced the congestion cost caused by traffic congestion,and analyzed the principle of traffic congestion charging from the perspective of economics.By collecting and analyzing foreign congestion charging cases,it was found that individual perception and social effects are two factors that affect congestion charging.Secondly,the feasibility of applying prospect theory,mental accounting theory and price elasticity coefficient to traffic congestion charging were analyzed.It believes that prospect theory and mental accounting theory can better describe the travel mode choice of traffic travelers under the condition of traffic congestion charging.And the price elasticity coefficient can be used to measure the rationality of the congestion charging fees.Then,the travel cost function was constructed based on travel time cost,vehicle use cost,human body loss cost and traffic accident risk cost.Taking the travel cost as an index,the traffic congestion charging model was constructed by combining prospect theory,mental accounting theory and price elasticity coefficient.The data obtained from questionnaire was used to calculate the corresponding congestion charges.Finally,according to the successful experience of foreign congestion charging and the basic national conditions of the country,combined with the traffic congestion charging model,the traffic congestion charging implementation strategies were formulated.The charging implementation strategies mainly include the definition of charging area,the determination of charging object,the division of charging period,the choice of charging method,the formulation of charging fees and the improvement of supporting measures and so on.Taking Yangshuo as an example,it introduced how to implement traffic congestion charging in Yangshuo and provided guidance for Yangshuo to implement traffic congestion charges in the future.The traffic congestion charging model based on behavioral economics and the implementation strategy of traffic congestion charging can provide guidance for the relevant departments to formulate traffic congestion charging schemes,which has a good application prospect.