Research On Poverty Alleviation Efficiency Of Tourism

As one of the fastest growing industries,tourism provides a large number of employment opportunities worldwide,changes people's lives,affects economic and social development,and bears more important social responsibilities at the same time.Tourism is one of China's major economic sectors,contributing about 11%of GDP in 2018.In the various social and economic effects brought by tourism,its important role in the cause of poverty reduction is of particular concern.By the end of 2018,there were still 16.6 million people living in poverty in China,so it is of practical significance to explore the problem of poverty alleviation and efficiency of tourism.In view of this,on the basis of summarizing relevant researches on tourism poverty alleviation,this paper firstly constructs an evaluation index system and uses the input-oriented DEA model to calculate the tourism poverty alleviation efficiency of each province.Input variables were selected as per capita number of a-level tourist attractions,per capita number of travel agencies,per capita foreign exchange income of international tourism,and output indicators were selected as per capita disposable income of rural households and urban households,incidence of poverty in rural areas.The evaluation results show that the comprehensive efficiency of Beijing,Tianjin,Jiangsu,Zhejiang,Henan and Guangdong has been in a relatively effective state from 2012 to 2016.The comprehensive efficiency in coastal provinces is obviously better than that in inland provinces.From the perspective of neighboring provinces,the efficient provinces have a certain agglomeration effect.Based on the above results,the global and local spatial autocorrelation test is carried out in this paper,and the Moran's I index is calculated.The results show that,a positive spatial correlation does exist between the tourism poverty alleviation efficiency of provinces.From the time dimension analysis,over time,the spatial correlation is gradually enhanced,peaked in 2016,the spatial agglomeration phenomenon is strongest.In order to explore the influencing factors of tourism poverty alleviation efficiency,this paper selects several indicators that may affect the tourism poverty alleviation efficiency and explores by establishing the Spatial Durbin Model(SDM).The results show that there is a significant positive spatial correlation between the poverty alleviation efficiency of tourism in one region and the efficiency of neighboring regions.The influence of each factor on poverty alleviation efficiency includes the direct effect of the region itself and the indirect effect caused by other regions(also known as spatial spillover effect).From the perspective of direct effect,the number of tourism employees and the development of transportation have a significant positive impact on efficiency.The effect of dependence on foreign trade on poverty alleviation efficiency is significantly negative.The higher the dependence on foreign trade,the lower the efficiency of poverty alleviation.From the perspective of indirect effect,increasing investment in pollution prevention and control in other regions can promote the efficiency of tourism poverty alleviation.With the expansion of fixed asset investment in other regions,the efficiency of poverty alleviation in this region has been improved.In order to ensure the robustness of the estimation results,the spatial adjacency weight matrix is replaced with the geographical distance weight matrix,and the results are basically consistent with those obtained by using the spatial adjacency weight matrix.Finally,this paper puts forward suggestions for the continuous promotion of China's tourism poverty alleviation strategy from three aspects:Improve the construction of tourism infrastructure and public services in poor areas,and develop tourism to alleviate poverty according to local conditions;Attach importance to the development of related industries and improve the quality and quantity of tourism manpower input;encourage the whole society to participate in the process of poverty alleviation through tourism.