Study On Spatial Differentiation And Influencing Factors Of Urban Innovation Ability In Northeast China

With the innovation of knowledge and technology,a country gradually adapts to the changing world economic structure,becomes a weapon for a country to realize industrial transformation and intermal optimization quickly,and enables a country to obtain a core competitive position in the continuous economic competition.China is a large country with a large economic output and a large domestic market.There are some drawbacks and risks in the market mechanism,which hinders the innovation and innovation financing of the main body of the market.Therefore,it is more necessary to combine its own development characteristics,strive to build a national innovation system,and gradually transform innovation behavior and innovation achievements into regional innovation ability.Focusing on Northeast China,its economic development started early,which laid the foundation for the economic development of our country.It has a solid financial and material foundation,and has continued to support raw materials,talents,equipment and other aspects for many years,which directly affects the process of modernization development of our country,and has unique conditions in the development of agriculture,forestry,animal husbandry and fishery.The construction of the regional innovation system is an important link to complete the construction of the national innovation system.To accurately evaluate the development of urban innovation ability in Northeast China and to determine the bottleneck restricting the further improvement of urban innovation ability in Northeast China is,on the one hand,conducive to the revitalization and development of the old industrial base in Northeast China and to meet the challenges brought about by the market environment,on the other hand,to provide reference for the establishment of innovative cities and regions.In this paper,34 cities at and above the prefecture level in Northeast China are taken as the research object,and the evaluation index system of urban innovation ability including innovation input,innovation output and innovation supporting environment is constructed,the corresponding indexes are selected to measure their innovation ability,and the spatial distribution characteristics of innovation ability of 34 cities in Northeast China are calculated by using the method of time series global principal component analysis.First of all,the factor load of principal component is obtained by SPSS,and the score and ranking of innovation ability of each region are obtained according to the contribution rate of variance.It is found that the innovation ability of cities in Northeast China has been in a fluctuating trend,and the central cities and the central cities have been in a fluctuating trend.The gap of innovation ability of non-central cities is also widening.Shenyang,Dalian and Harbin scored higher than other cities in six years,and all of them were in the top three cities in Northeast China from 2011 to 2016.Changchun,Daqing and Jilin ranked fourth to sixth.Yichun,Qitai River and Heihe River have been developing slowly,from 2011 to 2016,there is a lot of room for improvement in the innovation ability of other cities.Secondly,based on Arcgis visualization technology,spatial autocorrelation and local spatial autocorrelation,the spatial distribution and relationship of urban innovation ability are studied,and it is found that Northeast China has a lot of room for improvement.The spatial distribution of regional urban innovation ability has significant autocorrelation in both the whole situation and the part.It is verified that the innovation ability of the central provincial capital cities in Northeast China is generally stronger than that of the non-provincial capitals and marginal cities,and the distribution of innovation ability shows a "pyramid" structure.The number of cities with strong innovation ability is much lower than that of cities with low innovation ability,and the driving effect of cities with strong innovation ability on slow development cities is not obvious.In order to further narrow the gap between the development of innovation ability between cities and find an effective way to improve the innovation ability of cities,the spatial Dubin model,which is a spatial measurement model,is introduced to test whether the degree of opening to the outside world,capital,economic development,education and talents have an impact on the regional innovation ability.The results show that all the factors have significant influence except the degree of opening to the outside world,that is,the actual utilization of foreign investment index.The talent input plays the strongest role in promoting the development of urban innovation ability in Northeast China,and the influence coefficient can reach 0.502,which indicates that every increase in the number of RD personnel will increase the urban innovation ability by 0%.502 units show that the factors of human capital are dominant,while the factors of pure capital investment are at the secondary level.At the same time,the spatial Dubin model shows that the changes of educational environment and human capital between adjacent regions and the development of innovation ability in this region show reverse changes,and there is a negative spillover effect.On the contrary,the development of innovation ability and economic base show that the increase of innovation ability and economic base in adjacent regions can promote the development of local innovation ability,and there is a positive spillover effect.The research on the influencing factors of urban innovation ability has laid the foundation for the promotion path.This paper puts forward the optimization countermeasures from three general directions,that is,diversified innovation ability investment and increasing the introduction and cultivation of talents:manpower investment is the main factor,capital investment is auxiliary;Improve the output system of innovation ability,increase the interactive com?unication of regional innovation:strengthen the internal cooperation ability,pay attention to supporting private institutions,realize the effective combination of industry,university and research,realize the full interaction between collaborative innovation and various elements;improve the environment of regional innovation ability,construct a solid and powerful support system:introducing high-tech industry,promoting industrial upgrading,integrating the information and resources of the city.Make use of it and innovate again.