An Empirical Study On Influencing Factors Of Chinese Enterprises' Reverse Innovation From The Perspective Of Strategic Tripod View

Chinese enterprises have been regarded as weak in technological innovation and strong in imitation of imitations.The products they produce are at the middle and low end of the global value chain.They have not been able to participate in global knowledge creation and innovation activities with high added value.However,some new changes have taken place recently.According to the 2019 World Intellectual Property Report,macro data show that China is increasingly becoming a part of global knowledge creation and innovation activities.Some Chinese enterprises have begun to participate in global knowledge creation activities and become the exporters of transnational knowledge and innovation,resulting in reverse innovation of knowledge flowing from Chinese enterprises to enterprises in developed countries.Since Govindarajan put forward the concept of "reverse innovation",the international business field has been paying attention to reverse innovation for a long time.However,it still discusses the influence of reverse innovation on multinational enterprises in developed countries from the perspective of enterprises in developed countries and pays insufficient attention to the latecomers from the perspective of emerging economies.Secondly,the reverse innovation of Chinese enterprises is a new innovation mode under the complex international competition environment of "catching up-surpassing catching up".The existing literature is only based on a single theoretical perspective such as resource base and industrial environment,and does not pay sufficient attention to the institutional environment faced by the reverse innovation of Chinese enterprises or only take the industrial environment and institutional attributes as background conditions.Few literatures can combine the strategic views based on industry,resources and institutions to examine this problem empirically.Based on Chinese manufacturing enterprises,this paper first defines the theoretical connotation of Chinese enterprises' reverse innovation,distinguishes it from the reverse innovation behavior of multinational companies in developed countries,and makes clear that Chinese enterprises' reverse innovation strategy is a strategic behavior to actively participate in global knowledge creation activities and innovation activities,and move up the value chain to become a world-class enterprise.Secondly,explore the factors that affect the reverse innovation of Chinese enterprises.Based on the perspective of strategic tripod,this paper explores the impact of technological knowledge diversity on reverse innovation of Chinese enterprises,and studies how environmental uncertainty and ownership adjust the impact mechanism between knowledge diversity and reverse innovation in China's regional context.Through the empirical analysis of 1159 listed companies in China's manufacturing industry,it is found that the higher the diversity of technological knowledge,the more Chinese enterprises are inclined to carry out reverse innovation.Environmental uncertainty negatively regulates the relationship between technological knowledge diversity and reverse innovation.Compared with non-state-owned ?,state-owned enterprises with high diversity of technological knowledge are more inclined to implement reverse innovation strategies.The state should encourage more Chinese enterprises,especially those with comprehensive strength,to actively and steadily "go out" and implement reverse innovation strategies,so as to become world-class enterprises that support the country's major strategic needs,lead the direction of future scientific and technological changes,and participate in international competition and cooperation.For enterprises,they should enrich the reserves of technical knowledge,enhance the heterogeneity of technical knowledge and the complementarity between technical knowledge,and enhance the ability of knowledge combination management to reduce the risks of knowledge leakage,imitation and utilization by competitors and the adaptability to the future market and technical environment,so as to escort the implementation of reverse innovation strategy.