Research On Measurement And Improving Countermeasure Of Environment Efficiency Of Corn Production In Heilongjiang Province Based On Carbon Footprint

Heilongjiang Province is the largest corn production base and output base in China,and its corn production and planting area have consistently ranked first in the country for many years.However,during the rapid development of corn production in Heilongjiang Province,there are also problems of excessive factor input and widespread open burning of corn stalks,leading to increased carbon emissions from corn production.The continuous increase of carbon emissions will lead to the intensification of the greenhouse effect,changes in climatic conditions,and ultimately affect the sustainable development of corn production.Therefore,when analyzing corn production efficiency in Heilongjiang Province,it is particularly important to incorporate carbon footprint into the analysis framework.The environmental efficiency can directly reflect the impact of corn production on the ecological environment.As a consequence,it is of great importance to research the environmental efficiency of corn production in Heilongjiang Province,to correctly understand the environmental cost of corn production in Heilongjiang Province,to explore the optimal corn production method,and to promote the sustainable development of corn production.This paper selects Heilongjiang Province as the research object,collects and organizes relevant statistical data of Heilongjiang Province from 2004 to 2017.First of all,the present situation of corn production in Heilongjiang Province is analyzed from four aspects:yield characteristics,market characteristics,environmental characteristics and the impact on the agricultural environment,and the main problems during corn production in Heilongjiang Province are summarized.Then,using the carbon footprint as the entry point,the carbon footprint model of corn production is used to measure the carbon footprint of corn production in Heilongjiang Province from 2004 to 2017,and analyzes timing characteristics,structure and its impact on corn efficiency.The results show that the overall carbon footprint of corn production in Heilongjiang Province is on the rise and has a significant impact on corn production efficiency.Open burning of straw and fertilizer input are the main sources of carbon footprint of corn production in Heilongjiang Province.Then,this paper incorporates the carbon footprint of corn production as an unexpected output into the research framework of environmental efficiency,and uses the SBM-Undesirable model to measure the environmental efficiency of corn production in Heilongjiang Province from 2004 to 2017,and analyzes its temporal evolution,the corresponding comparison with the carbon footprint at different stages,the decomposition efficiency,and the input-output relaxation rate.It is concluded that the environmental efficiency of maize production in Heilongjiang Province changes with external conditions and shows different characteristics in different time periods,but the overall trend is declining.The carbon footprint of corn production at different stages corresponds to a significantly different trend in environmental efficiency of corn production.The environmental efficiency of corn production is affected by both scale efficiency and pure technology efficiency,and it is affected to different degrees by decomposition efficiency in different periods.Redundancy in resource input and unexpected output is the main reason for the low environmental efficiency of corn production.Ultimately,the countermeasures for improving the environmental efficiency of corn production in Heilongjiang Province are put forward from four aspects according to the main conclusions.This includes:improving the policy system for green and low-carbon development of corn production,improving the" hard" and "soft" technologies of green corn production,improving resource utilization to reduce the carbon footprint of corn production,and promoting large-scale business models to reduce the costs of corn production.