An Analysis About Participation Influencing Factors Of Occupational Pension Scheme

At present,we have entered a period of rapid population aging.In order to promote the sustainable development of pension system,we have established a multi-level pension security system.However,the actual progress is not as expected.The decline in the contribution rate of basic pension has further increased financial pressure,the development of occupational pension is not ideal,the construction of the third pillar is still in the pilot stage.With the continuous improvement of employees'expectations of welfare and old age life,it will be difficult to rely on the basic pension insurance support alone.In order to increase the level of employee retirement income security and promote the development of a multi-level pension security system,it is necessary to increase the overall coverage of occupational pension.This paper has combed the research of domestic and foreign scholars on the occupational pension participation behavior,related theoretical and functioning mechanism from multiple angles of policy,enterprise and employees.Based on the institutional evolution process and actual development level of the occupational pension in China,with the main body of the enterprise as the starting point,all factors affecting the decision-making of the establishment of the occupational pension plan are clarified.Through the construction of the model,the data of the China Labor Force Dynamics Survey(CLDS)in 2014 and 2016 were selected as analysis samples,matching the provincial occupational pension tax preferential policies and the local minimum wage standards,empirically tested the degree of influence of various factors on occupational pension decision-making.The results show that most of the occupational pension plans that have been established are enterprises in more economically developed regions,with more standardized systems or better profitability.Policy costs,the nature and scale of the enterprise,and the skill level of employees will significantly affect the occupational pension decision-making.Further analysis found that the changes in policy costs have a greater impact on the occupational pension decision-making of state-owned,labor-intensive and western enterprises,and the skill level of employees in different industries has a heterogeneous incentive effect on enterprise insurance decisions.Finally,in order to mobilize the enthusiasm of enterprises and employees to increase the coverage of occupational pensions,the following suggestions are proposed:increase preferential policy support,improve the design of occupational pension system,promote SMEs to actively join the pension plan,strengthen the management of occupational pension funds,and strengthen the promotion and guidance of occupational pensions.The main contribution of this article is to analyze the occupational pension participation behavior from the perspective of enterprise cost,and comprehensively examine the needs of various types of occupational pensions for pension plans and the effect of insurance incentives.Second,try to test the impact of the minimum wage system on the probability of occupational pension enrollment and the difference in incentive effects under the condition that enterprises adopt the same degree of tax preference.