Analysis On The Rural Evaluation And Influencing Factor In Three Gorges Reservoir Region From The Perspective Of Land Utilization

With the trend of integration with the global economy,the urban and rural development process in China is also speeding up.As an important component of urban-rural system,rural areas play an important role in the development of economic society.However,due to the promotion of urban and rural development process,the development of rural areas also has related crisis,which requires us to respond the party and the national summons,develop and revitalize beautiful countryside,so that it can promote the coordinated and harmonious development between urban and rural areas.Land utilization type is the important symbol of human activity,there is great difference between urban and rural areas in the land utilization,therefore,in order to have deep research on the stage and feature of the development of rural areas,it can have adjustment on the status of human activity in rural areas from the perspective of land utilization,so that it can analyze the feature of the development of rural areas.Rurality is the important index to judge the transformation process and development level of rural areas,which mainly adopts the rural index to have judgement on the regional development status.While the current research on rurality is still in the stage of analysis by means of social-economy statistical data,it is rare for the research on rurality from the perspective of land utilization,especially the rural exploration on Three Gorges Reservoir Region based on land utilization.Therefore,as to this research,it starts from the perspective of land utilization,takes Wanzhou district as an example to discuss the development of rural areas in Three Gorges Reservoir Region,has analysis on its influencing factor,so that it can provide references for the development of rural areas within this scope.The result shows:(1)During the period of research,there are changes on the quantity,structure,and dynamic degree of land utilization in Wanzhou district.As to the land utilization type there,it takes forest land and cultivated land at the core,the areas for forest land,land for industrial and mining residents in urban areas,and land for transportation are improving,among them,land for transportation has the largest amplification,and the areas for other land utilization types are reduced;the comprehensive dynamic degree of land utilization in the late period is larger than the early period;during 2009 to 2013,the cultivated land was mainly transformed into land for industrial and mining residents in urban areas,rural residential area is the same as cultivated land,they are mainly transformed into land for industrial and mining residents in urban areas,while the land for industrial and mining residents in urban areas was nearly beyond the land utilization type,land for industrial and mining residents in urban areas was the main type to transfer in it;during 2013 to 2017,the cultivated land was mainly transferred out of the land utilization type,about 1,467.70 hectares,while land for industrial and mining residents in urban areas was the main type to transfer in it.During the period for the research,the index of land utilization is increasing continuously,and besides,the change is larger in the late period.The landscape-level patter has obvious change comparatively in the research,which has large patch,and high degree of landscape fragmentation;there is also great change on the landscape index in different areas,and the land for industrial and mining residents in urban and rural areas has the largest number of patch;the landscape fragmentation degree is higher than other land utilization types,the shape index of land for transportation is the largest,which has the most irregular landscape pitch;while the unutilized land has the largest average euclidean distance.(2)In the three time phases,the mean numbers of rurality in Wanzhou district are 0.6700,0.6608,and 0.6268 respectively,in a sustained downward trend,which can show that the development level of rural areas is improving,and the rural feature is weakened;the spatial variation and regional geography are nearly same there,which is high in east and low in west,there are changes for the rural level during the research period in every town,in 2009,the whole region took high rurality at the core,in 2013,the comparatively high rurality and medium rurality were at the core,while in 2017,there was obvious change on the rural pattern,with medium rurality and weak rurality at the core.The grade variation of rurality takes stability and progressive decline at the core,while the horizontal evolution takes upward divergence at the core;there is obvious cluster feature for the rural level within the research period;and the distribution of cold and hot is in the trend of hot in east and cold in west,and hot in south and cold in north.(3)By means of the exploration on the influencing factor of rurality in Wanzhou,it can be found that the rurality is proportional to the percentage of cultivated land,and has an inverse ratio with the percentage of building land;the geographically weighted regression coefficients of rurality with the comprehensive dynamic degree of land utilization are in the distribution trend of decreasing progressively from south to north in the space;the regression coefficients of rurality with cultivation land,forest land,water area,and dynamic change of rural residential area are in the declining modes from west to the east,south west to north east,north west to south east,and north west to south east respectively,while the regression coefficients with the dynamic changes of land for transportation are high in south and low in north,and high in east and low in west;fragmentation degree,resolution of rural residential area,water area ratio,and ratio of settlement land with cultivated land are the main obstruction factors;while the obstacle degrees of criterion layer to rurality are in descending order from rural ecology,rural life,and rural production.