Study On Environmental Impact Assessment Of Land Use Planning In Wanzhou District Of Chongqing City

As an important basis for human reproduction and survival,land is an essential production factor for all economic activities.At the same time,it serves as the foundation of the ecosystem.Changes in its scale,layout,and structure will lead to changes in the regional ecological environment.With the rapid development of the social economy,land use patterns in various regions have gradually become diversified.They have used the land to obtain huge economic benefits,but they have also adversely affected the land environment,which has led to a deteriorating land ecological environment.Wanzhou District is located in the heart of the Three Gorges reservoir area.As the economic center of the Three Gorges reservoir area and the core area of the“Wan Kai Yun”plate,its economic development has always been the focus of Chongqing.The topography of Wanzhou District is dominated by mountainous terrain.The contradiction between human and land is sharp.The ecological environment in the region is extremely fragile,and natural disasters are frequent.The rapid development of urbanization and economy will inevitably put tremendous pressure on the ecological environment.Therefore,it is reasonable for land use in various industries.Distribution is a powerful guarantee for the coordinated development of regional ecological environment and social economy.Based on this,the environmental impact assessment of the adjustment of the Wanzhou District land use plan has extremely important significance for the development of Wanzhou District in the next few years.Based on the understanding of relevant concepts and theories of the environmental impact assessment of land use planning,this paper selected Wanzhou District of Chongqing as the actual investigation and research image,and selected the land use vector data of Wanzhou District for 2009and 2014 respectively.The method for calculating the ecological carrying capacity uses ArcGIS 10.2to reclassify the land use types,and statistics their area,and calculates the ecological carrying capacity value.At the same time,combining the degree of landscape deviation,the ecological environment of Wanzhou District is analyzed.Secondly,this paper analyzes the adjustment results of land use planning in Wanzhou District,and grasps the direction and causes of changes in land use structure and spatial layout.Finally,the PSR assessment method,plaque density distribution method and InVEST model's habitat quality assessment module were selected respectively.Based on the natural and socioeconomic conditions in the region,the environmental impact assessment of land use planning in Wanzhou District was conducted,and corresponding countermeasures and suggestions were proposed.With a view to reducing the occurrence of adverse impacts as much as possible,and providing the basis for land use decision-making of the relevant management departments,and ensuring the coordinated development of society,ecology,and economy.Related conclusions are as follows:(1)Wanzhou District is located in the Qinba Mountains,and is mainly based on mountains and hills.It has rich forest resources and lays the foundation for a good ecological environment.By calculating the ecological carrying capacity and the degree of landscape deviation in the two periods of 2009 and 2014,it can be seen that Wanzhou District`s overall ecological carrying capacity has a preference,but it has declined slightly from 2009 to 2014,and its value has declined from 90.3031×10~4hm~2 in 2009.To 90.2426×10~4hm~2 in 2014,a decrease of 0.0605×10~4hm~2.The degree of deviation of the landscape in the area rose from 2009 to 2014,rising from 47.01%in 2009 to 47.63%in 2014,which was an increase of 0.62%,indicating that the human activities had transformed the natural environment during this period of time.Intensification has promoted social and economic development,but at the same time,the problems of the ecological environment have also been highlighted.(2)Through the analysis of the land use structure and layout of the land use planning of Wanzhou District,the data shows that by 2020,the land use structure in the entire region has not undergone major changes,but the forest land and cultivated land are still the main,and the forest land is mostly occupied.39.13%of the total land area in the region.Affected by social and economic development,the area of land for urban construction increases,and is mainly concentrated in the central urban area.The arable land is more concentrated and contiguous,and is mainly distributed in the central hills and river valleys.Through the analysis of the comprehensive utilization degree of land use from 2014 to 2020,it can be known that the overall land use of Wanzhou District is relatively high and will decrease slightly by 2020,that is,Wanzhou District is in the period of land use adjustment from 2014 to 2020.(3)Through the use of the PSR evaluation model,a total of 17 indicators including socio-economic,land cover,and land occupation were selected to construct an evaluation index system,and a comprehensive evaluation of the land use planning in Wanzhou District was conducted.The results showed that:through the adjustment of land use planning,Wanzhou District During the planning period,the total score of environmental impact assessment rose from 0.9059 in 2014 to0.9425 in 2020,and the overall environmental quality was further improved.Secondly,the comprehensive score of pressure indicators increased by 0.0486 in 2020 compared with 2014,indicating that during the planning period,the sustainable development of the social economy will be the main factor for the pressure on the ecological environment.Finally,the slight decline in the response indicator indicates that Wanzhou District has weakened its response during the planning period.Therefore,in the implementation of the later planning process,the management and supervision of land must be strictly strengthened to reduce the damage to the ecological environment.(4)The analysis results of plaque density method showed that the high-density concentration range of construction land is mainly in the area of 0~75000m~2,while in the area of more than75000m~2,the patch density of agricultural land is highest.Through planning and adjustment,patches of small-scale agricultural land are intervened by human activities,and the patch density no longer tends to be fragmented.By 2020,under the guidance of adjusted planning,the ecological environmental assessment score will increase from 88.45 to 89.36,indicating that the quality of the ecological environment will continue to improve slightly,but it will increase slightly.(5)Through the combination of GIS technology and InVEST model,the sub-region mastered the ecological environment quality characteristics of Wanzhou District.According to the results,the overall ecological environment in Wanzhou District is of good quality,with the most prominent in Lishu Township,Puzi Township,and Longju Town in the southeast,and the decline in some areas is mainly concentrated in the central urban areas where the economic development is concentrated and the major roads,Along the railway traffic,the central urban area is more prominent in Gaofeng Town and Tiancheng Town,and the main traffic trunk lines are the Wanzhong Expressway in the south,the Wanli Expressway in the southeast and the Dawan Railway in the northwestern region.Although the plan as a whole guarantees a good development trend of the ecological environment,the land use activities of humans during the specific implementation process can not be ignored.Therefore,the relevant land management departments should also constantly strengthen supervision to ensure the orderly implementation of land use activities.To promote the coordinated development of social economy and ecological environment.