Multi-objective Optimization Research On Product-service System Functional Requirements Based On QFD

The rapid development of the industrialization process has promoted social economic development,but it also has caused many problems such as environmental pollution and waste of resources.In addition,the homogenized products in the market are endless,this makes enterprises have to seek vitality in the fierce market competition through the price war,which can violate the economic laws.The price war has caused the manufacturing industry to fall into the red sea,which has seriously hindered the normal operation of the economy.Product-service system(PSS)emerged as a new production system that highly integrated products and services.PSS transforms from traditional one-time consumption to full-life consumption of product services,which is conducive to guiding sustainable consumption concepts.Its differentiated strategy of providing customers with product and service based on customer requirements(CRs)can help companies move towards blue sea.However,PSS includes two parts of products and services.There is a complex relationship between these two parts.How to achieve the integration of products and services to better meet CRs is the challenge of PSS.In the process of service transformation of traditional manufacturing enterprises,accurately understanding CRs,translating CRs into product functional requirements(FRs)and service FRs in PSS,and optimizing them based on the complex relationship between PSS FRs are key issues for companies to consider.The full text mainly studied these three aspects: CRs importance calculation,FRs importance calculation and FRs multi-objective optimization.In the calculation process of CRs importance,in order to solve the problems in the traditional calculation,the one is the relationship between CRs and the other one is the customer satisfaction.First,the decision making trial and evaluation laboratory(DEMATEL)was used to analyze the impact relationship between CRs and calculate the objective importance of CRs.Experts given the subjective importance based their experiences and understanding.Then the basic importance of CRs was calculated by the subjective importance and objective importance.Secondly,an improved A-Kano model was proposed to analyze customer satisfaction,and CRs Kano importance was obtained by the importance index and satisfaction index of each customer requirement.Thirdly,the maximum deviation method was applied to calculate the CRs competitive importance considering the actual performance of CRs.Finally,the final importance of CRs was calculated based on the objective importance,Kano importance and competitive importance.In the calculation process of FRs importance,in order to solve the problem that traditional method only considered the fuzziness,and ignored that experts were hesitant between multiple evaluation values.The hesitant fuzzy set was combined with the quality function deployment(QFD).Since the FRs in PSS include product FRs and service FRs,this paper expanded the traditional house of quality for product planning into a new house of quality for product and service planning.In the new house of quality for product and service planning,considering the complex relationship between PSS design requirements,hesitant fuzzy DEMATEL was employed to analyze the relationship between FRs and establish its autocorrelation matrix.In order to solve the subjective problem of expert evaluation,the relationship evaluations between CRs and FRs given by experts were dealed with the gray relation analysis,and the relationship matrix between CRs and FRs was obtained.Finally,the importance of FRs was calculated based on QFD method.In the multi-objective optimization process of FRs,traditional optimization method mostly adopted the single-objective planning method,and the enterprise tended to satisfy multiple targets at the same time in the actual situation.This paper took customer satisfaction,service response time and enterprise cost as the objective function to establish a 0-1 multi-objective planning model.After that,preference ranking organization method for enrichment evaluations(PROMETHEE)was used to evaluate the concepts to help enterprises choose the best optimization concept under limited resources.Finally,the optimization problem of a company's forklift PSS design was took as an example to verfy the effectiveness of the proposed method.The calculation results show that hesitant fuzzy set could solve the problem that experts' hesitancy between multiple evaluation values and the ambiguity of the evaluation process.The calculation method of CRs importance could take into account the mutual influence relationship between CRs and customer satisfaction.The proposed FRs importance calculation method considered the interaction relationship between FRs was more in line with the actual situation.Multi-objective optimization method could help enterprises meet multiple targets for PSS optimization at the same time,and select the best plan for enterprises according to the preference of different indicators.