Research On Optimization Of Regular Transit Subsidy In Small And Medium Cities Based On Incentive Enterprises

The transportation industry undertakes the task of providing displacement services for urban residents.It is a basic industry in China and has social welfare.It also provides an increasingly perfect guarantee for China's economic development.At present,in small and medium cities in my country,the private car ownership of residents in our country has risen sharply,while the passenger traffic of public cars and trams continues to decline.Therefore,the government has put priority on the development of transportation strategies and given corresponding subsidies to enterprises.However,in practice,the subsidies have increased the government 's financial pressure.The effect was not satisfactory,and passengers did not fully enjoy the service improvement brought by the subsidies.Therefore,the objects and methods of public transport subsidies,the effects of subsidies,and the impact of subsidies on the travel behavior of urban residents are all the current research focuses.In view of the current problems of bus subsidies,this article takes regular urban transit network as the research object,designs the bus subsidy method that encourages enterprises on the basis of considering the interests of the government,bus companies,and bus passengers.Then studies the relationship between the government subsidies,the efficiency of bus companies,and the behavior of bus passengers.It includes the following:By combing the economic characteristics of public transportation to explain the necessity of subsidies,and then elaborating on the existing subsidy methods,and summarizing and comparing several subsidy optimization models;in terms of bus passenger flow allocation,three classic distribution models are compared and analyzed.It lays a theoretical foundation to the following research.Combined with the actual situation,a multi-mode urban transportation network was designed,including two modes of travel: private cars and buses,and introduces the concept of "bus route".In the analysis of passengers' travel behavior,on the one hand,the elastic demand of passengers is considered,on the other hand,the relationship between subsidies and service levels is also considered.A subsidy method designed to incentivize enterprises to improve their service levels was designed,and the concept of “turnaround benefit” was introduced.The method links the three aspects including government subsidies,enterprise service levels,and enterprise turnaround benefit.Furthermore,a bi-level planning model was established.The upper objective of the model is to maximize the benefits of public transport companies,and the lower objective of the model is to minimize the cost of transit passenger travel.Finally,this problem is solved by combining genetic algorithm and YALMIP user balanced assignment algorithm.To verify the validity of the subsidy optimization model in this paper,an actual urban transportation network was constructed to optimize bus subsidies,and realized the goals of maximizing the benefits of bus companies and minimizing passenger travel costs.After subsidy optimization,the bus sharing rate increased by 24.9%,users' travel expenses have been reduced by 8.27%,and the service level and benefits of each line have been improved.Next,this paper analyzes the changes of the relevant influencing factors in the case,recommends that bus companies should improve the service level according to the needs of passengers,and suggests that the government should consider the impact of passenger demand structure and bus line length when classifying subsidies.There are 20 figures,5 tables,and 49 references.