Analysis And Application Of Public Transit Subsidy Model

The passenger volume of Beijing public transport is huge,and the system is complicated.The congestion of the ground traffic and the air pollution caused by the numerous cars become the urgent problem to be solved in the process of urbanization.Under the bus priority guideline,the public transit subsidy is working as a kind of Macro-control means to play an important role.However,in terms of the operational level,the distribution methods and the intensity of government financial support can determine effects of transit subsidy.The current subsidy method cannot meet the needs of public transit development.Based on this background,this paper focuses on how to optimize the application subsidy model,from different perspectives to improve the existing research content.This paper focuses on the following aspects:focuses on the current situation of the development of public transport in Beijing and the implementation methods of financial subsidy of urban transit;summarizes the classical research theories and methods in the literature;improves Parry&Small model;compares Beijing with foreign large cities,drawing on the practical experience of these cities,for the development of China's public transport a valuable reference.Based on the combination of economics and auditing,this paper uses the operating data of Beijing for nearly five years as a sample,and uses the comparative research method to compare the situation of New York and Washington in the same period.According to the study,the financial subsidy of public transport in Beijing is not enough,the subsidy method is single and lack of incentive.The cost accounting method needs to be improved,and the audit effect is not considered.At present,the fare recovery rate of urban transit in Beijing is low,the burden of operating enterprises and government's financial pressure is huge.Finally,based on the existing research theory and quantitative analysis results,this paper puts forward the following suggestions for the Beijing Municipal Government in urban transit subsidy:the subsidy should be used to subsidize the different periods of the bus operation.The government can make use of the US urban transit subsidy method to reform the current inefficient subsidy approach.Like US government,the government should set the different kinds of subsidies,in order to compensate for the lack of incentives exisited in the current method.The government should guide the operating enterprises to use a variety of business methods.such as the PPP model,cost regulation methods should be established as soon as possible in all urban transit system.At the same time,this paper also puts forward recommendations for the operation of enterprises:implement public transport regulation cost accounting methods;establish internal audit system;widen income sources to compensate for the lack of fare recovery ratio.