Study On Spatial Distribution Characteristics And Influencing Factors Of Urban Housing Prices Based On Multi-source Data

Housing price regulation is an important part of housing system reform.In 1998,the State Council issued the Notice of the State Council on Further Deepening the Reform of Urban Housing System and Accelerating Housing Construction.Housing in China has officially become a commodity entering the market.With the rapid development of the real estate industry and the improvement of the overall living standard of residents,in recent years,China's housing prices have been rising continuously,and the rising rates of housing prices in various regions also show obvious differences in space.Premier Li Keqiang stressed during the two sessions in 2015 that the real estate market has its own laws.China has a vast territory,with mega-cities,small and medium-sized cities and towns,and the situation is different.As a special commodity,housing price is the result of many factors.At present,the high housing prices have become a hot issue of deep concern to the government and the people.To clarify the spatial distribution characteristics of housing prices is the premise and basis for the regulation of housing prices.Exploring the influencing factors of spatial distribution of housing prices has important guiding significance for the formulation of housing price regulation policies.Regulating housing prices is the key to maintaining social harmony,improving the quality of life of residents,improving people's happiness index,speeding up the process of urbanization,and promoting the steady development of the real estate market..On the basis of combing domestic and foreign research results on the spatial distribution of housing prices and its influencing factors,this paper takes the main urban areas of Chongqing,Chengdu and Wuhan as examples,collects the data of housing prices,night lighting and POI,combines with the development status of each city,and uses ArcGIS spatial analysis tools to explore the spatial distribution characteristics of housing prices in each city.The relationship between the spatial heterogeneity of night lighting and the factors affecting the spatial distribution of housing prices is discussed.The similarities and differences of the spatial distribution of housing prices and the influencing factors in three cities are compared to reveal the characteristics and causes of the spatial distribution of housing prices in different cities.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)The overall level of housing prices in Wuhan is higher than that in Chongqing and Chengdu,and the internal differences are also more obvious than that in Chengdu and Chongqing.The highest housing price in Wuhan is 56,000 yuan/m~2,which is more than 20,000 yuan/m~2 higher than that in Chengdu,which is more than twice that of21,000 yuan/m~2 in Chongqing.Compared with Chengdu and Chongqing,Wuhan's main urban area has a higher degree of housing price agglomeration,but a smaller agglomeration scope and a more obvious gradient change.Under the comprehensive influence of natural conditions and social and economic conditions,the trends of housing prices changing in the three cities are different.The spatial distribution of housing prices in Chongqing is obviously blocked by mountains,which is divided into three parts;the spatial distribution of housing prices in Wuhan is significantly affected by lakes,and the spatial distribution of housing prices is fragmented.(2)The extreme value of housing price mostly appears in the vicinity of downtown area,the range of extreme value is small and the attenuation is obvious,which is consistent with the theory of circle structure.The extreme value of housing price in Chongqing's main city districts in Yuzhong Peninsula,Chengdu's main city distributes near Inner Ring,and Wuhan's main city distributes at the intersection of the two rivers.The urban housing price extreme agglomeration area is located in the residential area circle.Influenced by natural factors,transportation,shopping and other infrastructure distribution density,these regions decay faster,only a small area of high-value agglomeration.(3)According to the results of housing price classification,over 75%of the three cities have low and low housing prices,especially over 80%of Wuhan's low and low housing prices.From the matching relationship between housing price and prosperity,the matching degree of housing price prosperity in the main urban areas of the three cities is higher,and the proportion of highly matching and general matching areas is more than 77%.However,the spatial matching degree distribution of housing price and prosperity in different cities is quite different.The level of urban housing price is basically the same as the prosperity level,and the level of housing price in Chongqing is the most consistent with the prosperity level,reaching 89.79%,and the spatial distribution of different matching relationships is relatively concentrated.The spatial distribution of the matching relationship between housing prices and prosperity in Wuhan and Chengdu is scattered.Four matching types(high matching,general matching,relatively mismatching,mismatching)cross-distribute,and there is no obvious agglomeration orientation.(4)From the point of view of single factor spatial distribution,the spatial distribution of POI data between and within regions has certain similarities.From the interregional perspective,there are two rivers intersecting in Chongqing and Wuhan.Near the intersection of the two rivers,POI factor concentration is higher.From the regional point of view,the distribution of educational facilities cluster center and other POI spatial distribution are quite different.The agglomeration of educational,shopping and medical facilities exists in the areas where transportation facilities are concentrated.(5)There are obvious differences in the influencing factors of the spatial distribution of housing prices in different cities.From the results of multiple factor OLS regression,the contribution of the factors selected in this paper to housing prices in three cities is different.The selected factors can explain about 25%of the changes in housing prices in the main urban areas of Chengdu and Wuhan,while Chongqing can only explain 12%of the changes.The dominant factors affecting housing prices in different regions are also different:the main factor of housing prices in Chongqing's main urban area is traffic,showed positive correlation;the main factor in Chengdu is also traffic facilities,showed positive correlation,too;and the main factor is education in Wuhan,showed positive correlation.