Research On The Impact Of Risk Shocks On Household Poverty From The Perspective Of Family Life Cycle

Poverty has always been an important social problem in developing countries.Since the reform and opening up in China,people’s living standard has been improving day by day,and the governance of poverty has been more effective.With the gradual progress of poverty alleviation,China’s anti-poverty cause has won a stage of victory,but the distribution form and characteristics of poverty have also changed.The poor people are mostly distributed in contiguous poor areas with fragile ecological environment.With a deep degree of poverty and a large number of poor people,farmers not only show the poverty characteristics of insufficient income,but also fall into short-term or long-term poverty in many dimensions,such as health and education,which has become an important issue to be solved urgently in the current comprehensive battle against poverty.The livelihood vulnerability of farmers in contiguous poor areas is high,and the multi-dimensional risk impact can easily aggravate the poverty level of farmers.Studies have shown that the special relationship and structural function of families can amplify or inhibit the impact of risk events on farmers and thus change the poverty status of farmers and families.Therefore,it is of great practical significance to identify the impact of risk events and family structure on poverty and explore the mechanism of risk impact on poverty under specific family structure.Based on family life cycle theory,the poverty vulnerability theory,according to a 2017 team in Qin Bashan shall slum investigation data of 1181 peasant households,starting from the perspective of family life cycle,using literature review,field investigation combined with empirical analysis method,the effects of risk impact of poor families,and different structures family life cycle mechanism when facing the risk of poverty.Firstly,according to the family life cycle theory,the sample peasant households were divided into five family types:standard core,mature core,enlarged core,defective core and declining core.By combing the research literature and combining with the field research,the risk types of families are divided into four dimensions:population,society,agriculture and economy.Secondly,this paper USES the measurement method of expected poverty vulnerability to measure family vulnerability,and according to the measurement results of vulnerability,the family poverty types are divided into non-poverty,temporary poverty and chronic poverty.Then,based on this,we use multiple logit model to empirically analyze the impact of risk shocks of different dimensions on the poverty of families in each life cycle.Finally,according to the research conclusion,the author puts forward some policy Suggestions,such as strengthening labor skill training,promoting industrial and commercial capital to go to the countryside,and developing agricultural cooperative economy.The research conclusions of this paper are as follows:(1)both family life cycle and risk impact can significantly affect the poverty status of families;The sensitivities of different family life cycles to various kinds of risk shocks are different and can enhance or inhibit the impact of risk shocks on family poverty.(2)the standard nuclear family is sensitive to economic shocks,and insufficient livelihood capital accumulation is an important factor that makes the family vulnerable to economic shocks and fall into temporary poverty.(3)mature nuclear families are vulnerable to the impact of population shock and social shock and fall into temporary poverty.The quality of human capital plays an important role in family livelihood capital.(4)the expanded nuclear family is vulnerable to the impact of population shock and falls into temporary poverty because of its large population.However,in the long run,the traditional extended family model has abundant livelihood capital accumulation,which reduces the possibility of the family falling into chronic poverty.(5)the weak and declining core families are more sensitive to population shock.The lack of labor force and the poor health of the population in the family are the important causes for these two families to fall into chronic poverty.