Research On The Impact Of Family Life Cycle On Farmers' Farmland Transfer Behavior

Under the background of the gradual emergence of the disadvantages of the household-based contract responsibility system,promoting the transfer of rural land contractual management rights has become the only way to promote rural economic development and accelerate agricultural modernization.From the theoretical analysis and practical observations,there is still a huge difference in the speed and scale of agricultural land transfer at the regional and peasant household levels.The management mode of rural agricultural land in most areas is still dominated by decentralized smallholder management,which does not have scale characteristics.From the actual situation in the Liupan Mountain contiguous area and Qinba Mountain area,although the government has continuously introduced farmland transfer policies to encourage farmers to transfer farmland,due to external factors such as poorly targeted policy guidance,limited regional development characteristics,and internal factors such as constraints on the family endowment of farmers and insufficient village development,the participation of farmers in farmland transfer and the proportion of transfer is still relatively lagging,and there is much room for improvement.As the decision-making subject of the transfer of rural land contractual management rights,farmers' decision-making behavior is closely related to the life cycle stage of the family.Therefore,clarifying the regional and peasant household heterogeneity and in-depth analysis of peasant household farmland transfer behavior,exploring the impact mechanism and effect of family life cycle on peasant farmland transfer behavior is of great importance for accelerating the process of farmland transfer and realizing large-scale agricultural management Theoretical and practical significance.This study sorts out and evaluates the existing domestic and foreign literature on farmland transfer,clarifies the domestic and foreign research trends and development trends on family life cycle,agricultural land transfer,and family life cycle affecting agricultural land transfer.According to the connotation and extension of family life cycle theory,taking the survey samples of Liupan Mountain contiguous area and Qinba Mountain area as an example,this paper analyzes the status quo of farmland transfer behavior of farmers in different life cycle stages.Based on theoretical analysis,using statistical analysis and Heckman's two-stage model to analyze the impact of family life cycle on farmer's farmland transfer behavior.It is proposed that when implementing farmland transfer policy in practice,precise farmland transfer incentives should be adopted to differentiate the policy recommendations for different life cycle families.It aims to provide theoretical basis and decision-making reference for the improvement of farmland transfer policy.The corresponding research conclusions are as follows:(1)The family life cycle significantly affects the farmer's inward transferring behavior.On the one hand,there are significant differences in farmland transfer decisions among farmers at different stages of their life cycle.As the family life cycle evolves from a raising family to an empty-nest family,the decision-making preferences of farmers' farmland transfer gradually change from in to out;On the other hand,there are heterogeneities in theinfluencing factors of the farmers' inward transferring behaviors in different family life cycle stages.The health status of family members has a significant positive impact on the farmers' inward transferring behaviors during the raising period,the burden period,the stable period,and the support period,while the impact on the empty nest period households is not significant;The annual transportation and communication fees have a significant positive effect on the farmers' inward transferring behaviors to households in the raising period,the burden period,the stable period,the support period and the empty nest period.(2)The family life cycle significantly affects farmer's outward transferring behavior.On the one hand,families in the raising period,the burden period,the stable period,and the support period are less active in participating in the outward transferring behavior than that in the starting period,and the enthusiasm of participating in the inward transferring behavior is higher than that in the starting period.On the other hand,there are heterogeneities in the influencing factors of the farmers' outward transferring behaviors in different family life cycle stages.Agricultural production capacity has a significant negative impact on the farmers' outward transferring behaviors of the raising period,burden period,stable period and empty nest period,but has no significant effect on the support period family;The actual cultivated area has a significant negative impact on the farmers' outward transferring behaviors during the raising period,the burden period,the stable period and the support period.Based on the above conclusions,this paper believes that the "one size fits all" farmland transfer policy can no longer meet the actual needs of farmers.In practice,it is necessary to treat different family life-cycle stages in a differentiated manner,and adopt precise incentive measures for farmland transfer in response to the needs of different farmers.In addition,it is necessary to improve the risk prevention mechanism for farmland transfer,establish and improve the laws and regulations after farmland transfer,and ensure the sustainable development of the transfer households.