| Under the unbalanced process of industrialization,urbanization and agricultural modernization leads to the non-agriculturalization of agricultural population and nonagriculturalization of land use,which further intensifies the problem of "land scarcity" with more people and less land in the process of agricultural development.In the face of decreasing land resource scarcity and ever-decreasing farmers,"who will do farm work? How do well farm work and where could we do farm work" of crop production has emerged as a primary concern of this millennium,which seriously restricted the development of modern agriculture in our country.To some extent,the key to solve the problem of "land" is to solve the problem of "human".In order to solve the above problems and promote the development of agricultural modernization,in addition to making a big deal on the land,we might as well consider the innovation and pay much more attention to farmers.Since 2012,substantial progress has been made in the cultivation of new professional farmers in China under the background of the national policy of vigorously cultivating new types of professional farmers,the new type,professionalization and commercialization of farmers are undergoing rapid transformation and development.During this period,with the superposition of a rise in urbanization and industrialization,the frequent interaction between urban and rural development factors,and the driving force of agricultural technology development,the hoophouse area of China extension rapidly,and even has become the main area of hoophouse area expansion at domestic and overseas,which has an important impact on the intensive use of land.Therefore,China has undergone a dramatic land-use transformation.Hoophouse-led transformation of farmland use has become the core window to study rural farmland use transition,realize rural revitalization,promote rural transformation and upgrade in peri-urban.So it is necessary to study the transition of rural land use.In addition,the extensive use of plastic tunnels and the unique production mode inevitably lead to environmental pollution,and its potential health risks are increasingly prominent.there is a lack of reference and direct research on the plastic tunnels-oriented of farmland use transformation,researchers often pay more attention to the influencing factors of plastic tunnels planting,which provides a lot of inspiration for the research on the transition of farmland use plastic tunnels.Unfortunately,it is so concentrated on the macro scale that the research on micro scale is still lacking such as the perspective of farmers and parcels,and not to speak of on the influence of the differentiation of farmers' types caused by human capital level or professional quality distinction on the change and transformation of farmland use.Therefore,this paper focus on the micro-perspective of the new professional farmers,and comprehensively considers natural resource endowment,individual and family characteristics of farmers,policy factors and planting structure elements etc.,explore the influence degree and internal law of the new professional farmers on the transformation and differentiation of hoophouse-oriented farmland use,interprets the peri-urban human-land transformation mechanism,to a certain extent,it provides reference value for the cultivation and identification standard of new professional farmers in China,and effectively solves the practical problems of who plants,and how to plant well land,with a view to promoting farmers' income increase,rural development,agricultural.The key problem to be solved in this study is to grasp the influence of new professional farmers on the transformation of hoophouse-led farmland utilization through conceptual analysis and literature combing.The difficulty lies in the quantitative measurement of the development level of the new professional farmers and the statistics of the survey data,that is,how to grasp the real situation of the development of the new professional farmers with the empirical method and the operability of the identification standard.Building from this synthesis of knowledge,we propose a framework to aid in the analysis of the plastic tunnels-oriented transition of rural land use implications of new professional farmers in peri-urban.Through the establishment of the theoretical framework of the two,it reveals the relationship and internal relationship.Based on this,taking Nanjing as the research area and the first-hand data obtained by field questionnaire survey,this study obtained 320 valid samples of peasant households.After that,four dimensions are selected to comprehensively evaluate the development level of new professional farmers in Nanjing.On this basis,classifies the types of farmers by combining with the household registration attributes and policy documents,and statistically analyzes the development level and regional differences of different types of farmers;In addition,analyzes of the differences in farmland plastic tunnels planting and its spatial differentiation law.Finally,an empirical analysis model is constructed to explore the direction and degree of the influence of the new professional farmers on the transition of plastic tunnels in the peri-urban of Nanjing.The main findings are as follows:(1)Evaluation of development level of new professional farmers and classification of farmers types: On the basis of relevant theories and current researches,a quantitative measurement system for the development degree of new professional farmers in Nanjing was built from four dimensions of basic farmers' quality,agricultural skills quality,the degree of full-time farming and the quality of management.and the the comprehensive scores of the development level of new professional farmers in Nanjing was calculated by using entropy weight method.The results show that the development level score of new professional farmers presents gradient difference in space,which basically shows that Jiangning District and Lishui District are the high value areas,and the gradient decreases in the direction of south and north.According to the development level score of new professional farmers,whether the policy is consistent or not,and the household registration of farmers,the types of farmers in the research area are divided.(2)The change pattern of plastic tunnels land in Nanjing in recent years,the quantification and spatial differentiation characteristics of plastic tunnels transformation index in the research area: The high value area of plastic tunnels land and the center of gravity of plastic tunnels planting in the whole city between 1995-2005-2017 are Qixia District-Jiangning District-Yuhuatai District.The overall pattern of migration was southward first and then northward,and the center of gravity of the two was symmetrical along the Y-axis from 1995 to 2010,and there was a weak phenomenon of "urban advance and rural retreat".The calculated plastic tunnels transformation indicator,such as planting decision,management scale and planting index(plastic tunnels' proportion in total planting area),show that there are clear spatial differentiation patterns in the use of hoophouse-led farmland in Nanjing: The high-value area takes Jiangning Distract as the center and Yuhuatai Distract as the sub-center,showing the law of low around and high in the middle.There are obvious spatial differentiation rules in different types of farmers' plastic tunnels: The plastic tunnels transition of new professional farmers is more drastic than that of other traditional farmers,which needs to be paid more attention to.In general,the operation scale and proportion of various types of farmers in plastic tunnels show the characteristics of "more new professional farmers and less traditional farmers","more foreign professional farmers and less local professional farmers","more foreign policy-consistent professional farmers large and less local policy-consistent professional","more large foreign reality transitional professional farmers large and less local reality transition professional farmers","more foreign traditional farmers and less local traditional farmers".(3)The influence of the new professional farmers on the transformation of plastic tunnels: The new professional farmers is an important driving force and core group of plastic tunnels planting choice.With the improvement of the development level of the new professional farmers,its significant role in increasing the scale and proportion of plastic tunnels management will be increasingly prominent.At the same time,the proportion of cash crop cultivation,the number of people in a household level,economic features and agricultural policies and so on will also affect the transformation direction and degree of farmers in peri-urban agricultural land use plastic tunnels to varying degrees.(4)The influence of different types of farmers on the transition of plastic tunnels: The realistic new professional farmers are the important force of the new professional farmers and plastic tunnels transition in China.The impact of practical transitional new professional farmers on the plastic tunnels-oriented transformation is the same as or even exceeds that of the policyaccredited new professional farmers,which should be paid attention to and encouraged continuously.Based on the forementioned research results,this paper finally proposed directions for future research and highlights some policy recommendations in promoting the farmland use about plastic tunnels transition: One is to attach importance to the important role of realistic new professional farmers in the process of farmer transformation and high tunnles-oriented transformation of farmland utilization,Never ignore "the forgotten groups";Second,improve agricultural subsidies and other relevant incentive policies;Third,cultivate new professional farmers with multiple paths and encourage localization while paying attention to foreign introduction;Fourth,keep the good balance of the coordinated development of all kinds of farmers;Fifth,differentiation policy measures,we should think highly of the policy of "Vegetable-Basket Project" and "Rice-Bag Project". |
PDF Full Text Request