LAND USE PATTERNS IN THE HOLY SITE OF 'MENA': AN ECOLOGICAL APPROACH OF LAND USE PLANNING (MAKKAH, SAUDI ARABIA)

This study of land use in Mena, one of the four holy sites of Al-Hajj, uses an ecological analysis approach. Literature, government documents, reports, and the comprehensive plan of the Makkah area were reviewed. A guidance plan for Mena, slides, and video tapes about pilgrims' movement were also examined. Personal experience was also helpful in understanding the environment of Al-Hajj.;It was concluded that there is a need for long-term planning, based on the importance of the religious efficiency of performance for completing Al-Hajj, and the sensitivity of the environment toward random development. A comprehensive plan is recommended at the regional and site levels. Some basic ideas were also created.;The study focuses on environmental and religious constraints. Social values, administration, and the influence of movement as possible determinants of land use patterns were also examined, and existing land use was surveyed. Recent proposed plans and projects were also evaluated.