Research On The Spatial Layout And Optimization Of Rural Residential Areas Under The Background Of Rural Revitalization Strategy

For the first time,the Fifth Plenary Session of the 16th Central Committee brought village construction into the national level and proposed"building a new socialist countryside".Subsequently,the"new countryside"village planning was launched nationwide.Starting from this,various provinces and cities across the country have successively launched new village planning work such as"village remediation planning"and"beautiful new countryside".These planning and construction practices have played a role in guiding the reasonable layout of villages,improving the rural environment,and improving infrastructure.Plays an important role,but these plans are dominated by urban planning ideas,and village planning and construction have not been able to proceed from the perspective of villagers and other village subjects.In the context of the strategy of rural revitalization,village development needs to revolve around the overall objective of"prosperous industry,ecological livability,civilized civilization,effective governance,and affluent living",involving rural industry,ecological environment,and rural culture.And rural governance and other aspects,the previous rural settlement layout strategies and models have been difficult to adapt to the requirements of rural revitalization in the new period.In the new round of national village planning,the optimization of rural settlement layout in response to the rural revitalization strategy has Great practical significance.According to the development status of the study area,this article determines the appropriate evaluation unit.And from the three aspects of physical geography,traffic location and socio-economic status,the evaluation index system of the suitability of the spatial layout of rural settlements was constructed.Use Geodetector to detect the spatial differentiation of the impact factors,find out the main factors that affect the suitability of the spatial layout,and then combine the Delphi method to determine the weight of the impact factors.Using the spatial analysis tool of Arcgis to evaluate the suitable area of rural settlements in Ningming County.According to the suitability of the layout,the evaluation results are divided into four categories:high,medium,low and unsuitable layout.The area with high layout suitability is99487.11hm~2,the area with medium layout suitability is widely distributed,with an area of126211.19hm~2,and the remaining layout is suitable Areas with low sex index are100903.34hm~2,and 42668.89hm~2are unsuitable layout areas.Organically combine the strategic planning requirements of rural revitalization with the results of spatial layout suitability evaluation.From the perspective of the town,the village structure of Ningming Town is divided into 5 levels,and the focus is on the town in the city.The store is the functional structure of the central town.From a village-level perspective,152administrative villages in Ningming County were identified as 60 central villages and 92basic villages.The basic villages were optimized toward the center village.According to the requirements of the"Village Revitalization Strategic Plan(2018-2022)",the optimization methods of rural settlements are divided into four types:aggregation and promotion,suburban integration,special protection and removal and relocation.Cluster upgrading adopts the urbanization development model,gradually improves the infrastructure,and promotes the transformation and upgrading in an orderly manner on the basis of the original scale;the suburban integration category is to relocate the surrounding villages of the town to the urban residence,and build a modern residential community after a reasonable planning and layout;feature protection The category is to preserve and protect the village where the ecological environment is good or the cultural relics are protected,optimize the infrastructure to develop the tourism industry;the removal and relocation category is to relocate the village in an unsuitable layout area or merge the entire village.In addition,a plan for optimizing the layout of rural settlements in Ningming County was organized.At the same time,the following conclusions were drawn:(1)The development of Ningming County was slow due to lack of infrastructure.The settlements were concentrated in the north of Ningming and scattered in the south of Ningming.The villages in Ningming County were almost all large-scale villages.However,the economic development is not balanced,resulting in the uneven development of villages and towns;(2)Most of Ningming is mountainous woodland,and rural settlements are less distributed in this area.In the future planning,appropriate consideration can be given to the development and construction of this area(3)The overall plan for optimizing the spatial layout of rural settlements in Ningming County is the agglomeration improvement plan,accounting for 79.6%of the number of villages,indicating that the infrastructure coverage rate in Ningming County is not high and the connections between villages are insufficient.