| In recent years, with the rapid development of Chinese economy and urbanization further advance, the relationship between people and land have become increasingly prominent, rural residential building layout is still stuck in a spontaneous, decentralized layout, lack of effective planning and guidance, land resources have not been highly effective use, which can hinder the realization of agricultural modernization and industrialization, and hamper better public infrastructure to benefit more farmers. Particularly in the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau region, because of its rugged terrain and relatively poor infrastructure economic, rural residential land have small scale and their distribution are extremely loose. Therefore, the paper chooses Dayao County, the typical mountain-dam coexistence region, as the study area, to carry out research about the layout optimization of rural settlements, which is effective theory and practice reference for the mitigation of construction land tensions, protect farmland, improve rural infrastructure, improve farmers’ quality of life, to accelerate the construction of new socialist countryside in China, particularly in the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau.in this paper, using the GIS spatial analysis, Voronoi diagram theory, landscape ecology methods, chromatography analysis, particle swarm optimization algorithm, It analyzes the distribution of rural settlements in Dayao, does suitability evaluation of rural residential, divide types of layout optimization rural residential land, finally, puts forward the layout optimization suggestions, conclusions are as follows:(1)Using Voronoi diagram theory, It shows that rural settlements in Dayao are concentrated, the overall coefficient of variation was 94.3%; the distribution of rural settlements in the towns of Tanhua, Wanbi, Tiesuo, xinjie, shiyang, Sanchahe, Guihua shows high cluster characteristics; besides average plaque area in Jinbi town, Longjie town are relatively large, which in other towns the distribution are fragmented; from the study, it founds spatial distribution of rural settlements in Dayao has strong relationships with elevation, slope, aspect, rivers, roads, towns.(2) By the use of AHP, this paper does suitability evaluation of rural settlement to optimize layout from natural conditions, socio-economic conditions and geographic conditions. As the results of which, rural settlements in Dayao will be divided into three categories:advantages of the region, the middle region, inferior area.(3) According to the division principles on layout optimization of rural settlements, which can be divided into four types, such as urbanization type, priority type, control the development of type, relocation type. By the histogram analysis, it can get reference values of the population size and the scale of rural settlements, the scope of urban attraction. Then, based on the results of Previous works and make the appropriate adjustments, It gets the final results of the type of partition. At last, determine the prior type villages and towns as the center of the village area.(4) Refer to the results of the analysis of the previous, the corresponding layout optimization suggestions can be proposed for different types of rural settlements in Dayao, which can be as a reference for rural settlement consolidation. Urbanization rural settlements should be included in the urban-type range planning; prior type rural settlements should be set aside land for the relocation types’and promote the development of Characteristic industry and agriculture; It should control the outward expansion strictly and conduct internal transformation properly in the control type rural settlements; Particle swarm optimization for relocation type rural settlements finding the right direction to move. At last, this paper shows the map results of Dayao. These optimization suggestions can be reference in rural settlement consolidation, but in practice, the farmers’ wishes should be also take into consideration. |
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