Research On The Optimization Application Of Cooling Tower Cooling Technology In Data Center

Information technology develops rapidly with the continuous upgrading of internet technology and industry.New technologies such as cloud computing,big data,artificial intelligence,virtual reality,Internet of things,blockchain,supercomputing and quantum information provide great convenience for people’s daily life.But meanwhile,the demand of data processing business brought by these emerging technologies has also shown explosive growth.As the carrier of data,the quantity and scale of data center are increasing,and the problem of its huge energy consumption is becoming increasingly prominent.Using some energy-saving technologies to improve the energy efficiency of data center is the primary problem to be solved in its development.As a free cooling technology,cooling tower cooling technology is one of the most widely used energysaving methods for data center air conditioning system.However,due to the unreasonable system design or use,improper parameter setting or equipment selection,the actual application effect is far lower than expected in practical application.Through testing the actual application of cooling tower cooling technology in a data center in Chongqing,this paper finds and solves the existing problems of the technology application,and puts forward related optimization ideas and measures from the perspective of design and operation control of cooling tower cooling system,and finally gives a methodology for data center that maximizes the use of outdoor cooling sources through cooling tower cooling technology.Firstly,this paper comprehensively reviews the domestic and foreign research progress from the four aspects of data center indoor environment requirements,air conditioning system characteristics,common energy-saving technologies and cooling tower cooling technology.Based on the research status and current problems,the method of combining theoretical analysis and field measurement is selected to determine the main research content of this paper.Then,this paper introduces the energy-saving principle,three different application forms and application scope of cooling tower cooling system.At the same time,combined with the relevant specifications,standards,books,literature and practical cases,summarize the design form and practical application method of the pipe network on the chilled water side and cooling water side of the cooling tower cooling system.By comparing the advantages and disadvantages of various pipe network forms,it is proposed that the appropriate pipe network form should be selected according to the specific needs and actual situation.Taking a data center in Chongqing as the research object,through the on-site investigation to know the current status of the data center,combined with theoretical analysis and on-site measurement,the data before and after the application of the cooling tower cooling technology under the design conditions and the current operating conditions of the data center are obtained.By calculating the application effect of related index quantification technology,the existing problems of technology are put forward according to the actual situation.At the same time,the essence and characteristics of data center cooling tower cooling system are analyzed,and the corresponding optimization ideas are put forward from two aspects of system design and operation control.Next,based on the test data,the causes of three existing problems in the application of cooling tower cooling technology in the data center are analyzed theoretically and the corresponding solutions are proposed.Combined with the idea of system design optimization,this paper analyzes the location of data center,the selection of air supply temperature of computer room and the optimization of system heat loss and gives some suggestions.Combined with the idea of system operation control optimization,taking the the test data center as an example,the corresponding cooling condition switching control and equipment sequence control strategies are proposed for the total free cooling condition and partial free cooling condition of cooling tower cooling technology.Finally,taking the test data center as an example,through theoretical calculation and field measurement,the practical application of the cooling tower cooling system design optimization scheme is analyzed.It is found that the larger the climate division number of the data center is,the greater the difficulty and cost of using cooling tower cooling to reduce PUE.Therefore,relevant policies and regulations should be combined with local climate conditions to propose more reasonable PUE limits.When the test data center chilled water supply temperature is 16℃ and the air supply temperature of the computer room air conditioning is 18.6℃,it can not only avoid the cooling dehumidification phenomenon,but also bring considerable energy saving effect under safe and reliable operation of IT equipment,saving 1072652 k W·h compared with the mechanical refrigeration condition all year round.The approach temperature of the cooling tower can be reduced by loading system equipment or reducing the flow ratio of the cooling tower,and the larger the outdoor air wet bulb temperature is,the larger the reduction amplitude is.On the premise that the cooling tower cooling system cannot meet the requirements of the relevant system pipe network and equipment,the data center uses redundant equipment to apply partial free cooling conditions for practical application test.The results show that the average daily energy saving is 1000 k W·h,but the relative energy saving is less.Therefore,it is not recommended to consider the application of partial free cooling conditions in the design of the new data center.