Protection System And Practice Of Chinese Cultural Relic Buildings From 1948 To 1966

Cultural relics,as remains left by human beings in their development activities,have historical,artistic,scientific and other values,which are precious historical and cultural heritages of human beings.As one of the immovable material remains,cultural relic buildings,they have a huge quantity,variety of types,recording the historical development process of different nationalities,cultures and periods.They are important carriers of political,economic,social,cultural,technological,folk and other historical information in a certain period.In the late Qing dynasty,under the influence of the western concept of cultural relic protection,the Qing government began to establish cultural relic protection institutions,promulgated cultural relic protection laws and regulations,and started the process of cultural relic buildings protection.After the development of the Republic of China,the protection of cultural relic buildings began to be specialized.In 1948,the Communist Party of China gradually formed a social system of public ownership owned by the whole people in the liberated areas and began to take over social and cultural undertakings.In 1949,after the founding of the People’s Republic of China,the protection of cultural relic buildings began to start again,initially established,explored,developed and improved the protection system of cultural relic buildings,gradually showing systematic characteristics,until the "Cultural Revolution" development was interrupted.In the 1970 s,the preservation of cultural relic buildings quickly resumed with the help of "cultural relic diplomacy".In the 1980 s,under the background of reform and opening up,the concept of the protection of cultural relic buildings in China was increasingly in line with international standards,and the protection system of cultural relic buildings was further improved.Looking back on the development of the protection of cultural relic buildings in China,the period from 1948-1966 is an important stage for the formation,development and improvement of the protection system of cultural relic buildings in New China.At this stage,new China took over and created a brand-new cultural relic buildings protection cause,inheriting the idea of classified protection of cultural relic buildings,learning the international experience represented by the Soviet Union,establishing,exploring and developing China’s cultural relic buildings protection system.This paper takes the formation and development of the system of cultural relic protection units in this period as the context,takes the evolution of the protection system of cultural relic buildings as the research object,combines with the political,economic,social and cultural development background and the main problems in different periods of new China,combs and studies the historical documents and materials related to the destruction and protection of cultural relic buildings,and deeply analyzes the cultural relics in different periods The main contradictions and the corresponding countermeasures of the architectural protection,and the dynamic changes of the cultural relic architectural protection are summarized.The conclusions are as follows: Firstly,as a kind of non-traditional consciousness,the "protection of architectural relics" gradually rose under the influence of cultural relics protection concept and ideological trend.Therefore,the rise of awareness of the protection of architectural relics,the formulation of laws and regulations,professional research institutions and personnel,are slightly behind the corresponding stage of the development of cultural relics protection.Secondly,the policy of architectural building protection maintains a high degree of correlation with the overall goal of economic development,showing a certain degree of adaptability with the changes of main contradictions and problems;Thirdly,the system of architectural building protection will actively predict the future development trend and establish preventive policies in the short term;Fourth,compared with the system level Laws and regulations,from the perspective of actual management,We should provide notification,criticism and punishment for typical cases of damage to cultural relics and buildings,which can play a good warning and guidance role in the protection of grass-roots architectural relics at different stages of development.This paper is more than 100 thousand words,composed of seven chapters,divided into four parts.The first part is the first chapter,which clarifies the purpose and significance of the research,determines the scope and content of the research,defines the relevant concepts of the research,determines the research methods and research framework,and summarizes the domestic and foreign research.The second part is the second chapter,review the general situation of the protection of cultural relic buildings in late Qing dynasty to 1948,discussed in stages period of late Qing dynasty,the period of Beiyang government and National government,such as different time background,the protection of cultural relic buildings construction idea,the protection status and the development of the protection system,summarizes the promoting role of Society for the Study of Chinese Architecture in the beginning of the professional conservation of cultural relic buildings in China.The third part is the third to the sixth chapter,which is also the key chapter of the research.From the period of liberation in 1948 to the outbreak of the "Cultural Revolution" in 1966,this paper,based on the political,economic,cultural and social background,analyzes the main contradictions faced by the protection of cultural relics in each period and the corresponding countermeasures taken,and sorts out the landmark events,relevant laws and regulations,and changes in the protection ideas of cultural relic buildings.The development characteristics of the system and practice of cultural relic buildings protection in different stages are summarized and summarized.The fourth part is the seventh chapter,which briefly describes the development course of the cultural relic buildings protection system after 1966,summarizes this paper,draws research conclusions,and analyzes the innovation,limitations and deficiencies of this paper.Combined with the relevant historical data,this paper makes a historical investigation and analysis of the architectural protection background,main contradictions at different stages,evolution process and working principle changes of the cultural relic buildings from various angles.The research results make up for the lack of research on the protection system of the architectural relic buildings from1948 to 1966,enriches the research results of the protection of the cultural relic buildings in New China,and provide reference for better protection and inheritance of the cultural relic buildings in the future.