Study On The Regional Characteristics And Spatial Structure Of Consumer Services In Wuhan City

Since the beginning of the new century,a new round of industrial revolution has been underway around the world,and technological innovation centered on the new generation of information and communication technologies has exerted a significant impact on the way of production and livelihood of mankind.On the one hand,advanced technology began to enter the stage of industrialization and commercialization,leading to major changes in industrial division of labor and industrial organization forms,and stimulating the development of the industry to the direction of "service";on the other hand,its widespread infiltration has led to major changes in human life style.Relying on China’s economic restructuring and rapid urban development,consumer services has become an important lever for economic restructuring,an important growth point in the information age,and a major focus for improving urban infrastructure construction and improving people’s happiness of life in the process of urbanization.The change of economic and social environment and the change of development factors provide a new perspective for the research on the location characteristics and spatial structure of consumer services,on the one hand,it can enrich and complete the location theory of economic activities,and on the other hand,it can provide fresh experience for urban development by re-examining the location characteristics and spatial structure of urban life service industry in the new era.This paper carries out an empirical study on Wuhan City,taking consumer services as the research object,and taking 2005-2020 as the research period,based on the relevant theories of geography and the quantitative and qualitative research methods,this paper explores the location change and spatial evolution of the consumer services in Wuhan city,as well as its relationship with the change of location factors.This improve the service sector location theory,and provides a substantial reference for the location optimization of Wuhan’s consumer services.The main research results and conclusions are as follows:First,the characteristics of the development of consumer services.Since the new century,along with the rapid development of science and technology with the new generation of information and communication technology as the core,residential retail and Internet sales services have developed the fastest.Together with accommodation and catering services,residential and family services constitute three major industries.Residential travel services,tourism and entertainment services,and residential housing services have also grown rapidly.By dividing consumer services into different functional types and making dynamic analysis,it is found that consumer services with the basis function grows the fastest,the leisure type and development type follow,and the security type grows the slowest.Through the dynamic analysis of the scale characteristics of the industry,it is found that the growth rate of small-scale consumer services is the fastest,and the proportion of large and medium-sized enterprises decreases.Second,the location change of consumer services.As the consumer services in Wuhan city tends to be distributed near the residential areas or business districts with convenient transportation,with the improvement of traffic conditions and the expansion of residential and business districts,it generally presents the location distribution pattern of agglomeration in the center of the city,and tends to spread to the edge of the agglomeration center,showing the characteristics of sub-center agglomeration at the edge of the agglomeration center.Different types of industries show different diffusion patterns,and the smaller the size of the firm,the more diffuse the distribution.By analyzing the location change of consumer services with different functions,it is found that consumer services with the basis function has the widest distribution range,the security type has the highest agglomeration degree,the leisure type has the fastest diffusion rate,and the development type has the same rapid diffusion,but it is more agglomerated than the leisure type.By analyzing the location change of different scale of consumer services,it is found that the smaller the enterprise is,the faster the diffusion speed is.Third,the spatial evolution of consumer services.From 2005 to 2020,the spatial structure of consumer services in Wuhan city has experienced such an evolution process,that is,from the initial "polar nucleus" shape of spatial structure to the "point-axis" shape of spatial structure,and finally to the "neuron" shape of spatial structure.Through the analysis of different functions of consumer services,found that the spatial structure evolution of consumer services mainly responsible for basis functions presents a process from "double-core" to "point-axis",then to "neuron",and finally to "network" spatial structure.The spatial structure of consumer services mainly providing security services has changed from single core to double core.The consumer services,which mainly provides leisure services,always presents a spatial structure of multi-core circles with decreasing levels.The spatial structure of consumer services that provide development services presents a "multi-core"一"point-axis" 一 "multi-core"change process.Based on this,consumer services intensive areas in Wuhan city can be divided into four functional areas:survival type,security type,leisure type and development type.Since the new century,these functional areas have been expanding,overlapping in geographical space and coordinating with each other in function,thus forming the regional service economic system.Fourth,location change mechanism of consumer services.Since the beginning of the new century,with the rapid development of service economy in Wuhan,the urbanization process has been greatly accelerated.Wuhan’s population density,residents’ per capita income,land price,enterprise homogeneity and other factors have undergone drastic changes,which are closely related to the changes in the function and scale of consumer services.In addition,with the new round of technological innovation brought about by the industrial revolution fully embedded in the consumer services,some new industries,new business forms and new models of the consumer service industry have emerged based on the Internet,and they rely on convenient transportation network to communicate with consumers,which has brought a non-negligible impact on the development of the consumer services.As the above influencing factors are not uniformly distributed in geographical space,they have a significant impact on the location distribution and changes of the consumer services in Wuhan,and there are obvious differences in the mechanism of location evolution of enterprises with different functional types and different grades and scales.