Research On The Influence Of High-speed Railway On China’s Inter-provincial Knowledge Spillover

The Development Research Center of the Council report,named Regional Innovation: Promoting Mechanism and Path Choice,clarifies that perfecting regional innovation system and promoting efficient allocation and open sharing of innovation resources are the only way to strengthen scientific and technological innovation and promote regional coordinated development in China.But the present situation of our country is that the land area is vast and the economic development between the east and the west is not balanced.As an important channel of knowledge opening and sharing,knowledge spillover is greatly restricted by economic and geographical conditions among provinces in China.The "space-time contraction" effect of high-speed railway can solve this problem well,which promotes the rapid flow of human resources,capital and technology among regions,and greatly changed the regional spatial layout of our country.Making full use of the important factor of high-speed railway,accelerating regional knowledge spillover and promoting regional innovation and coordinated development is an important issue facing all provinces in China.However,there is a lack of relevant theory about the impact of high-speed railway on the overall situation of regional knowledge spillover and innovation output,as well as on the impact differences among different regions and the impact differences on different distances.In this context,this study takes the national railway network from 2003 to 2017 as the research object to analyze the impact of high-speed railway on knowledge spillover among 30 provinces in China.Referring to the theory of heat transfer in physics,first part explains the mechanism of inter-regional knowledge spillover caused by highspeed railway from three levels: knowledge transmission,knowledge convection and knowledge radiation.Second part analyses the current situation and existing problems of high-speed railway construction and knowledge innovation in China,then puts forward relevant research hypotheses.Finally,the empirical analysis section selects the cross-section data of 2003,2008,2012,and 2017 to construct the spatial proximity distance,linear distance,time distance,and economic distance weight matrices.These data matrices are applied to the knowledge spillover analysis model which is based on G-J knowledge production function and spatial lag model,and the results are compared to verify the significance and influence direction of high-speed railway on interprovincial knowledge spillover.Then regressing the knowledge spillover variables measured by the spatial and temporal distance weight matrices and related variables to test whether the impact of high-speed railway on knowledge spillover is limited by the level of economic development.In a deeper level,the research area is divided into six parts,the research hypotheses are tested in each area.And the dichotomy method is used to find the effective maximum critical distance of the impact of high-speed railway on inter-provincial knowledge spillover.The results show as follows.(1)The spatial distribution of patents in China shows a growing trend from 2008 to 2015,and the spatial agglomeration tends to be gentle after 2015.(2)The high-speed railway has a significant positive impact on interprovincial knowledge spillover in China,and the impact is increasing with the improvement of railway network.(3)The effect of high-speed railway on interprovincial knowledge spillover is not affected by the gap in economic development between provinces,but the patent growth level of individual provinces is affected by the province itself.(4)The final verification found that there is a certain distance limitation on the impact of high-speed railway on my international knowledge spillover.Exceeding this range,high-speed railway will not significantly affect the knowledge spillover between the two regions.The calculation found that in 2012,China’s highspeed rail limit distance was 2,096 km,and the error range was no more than ±29 km;in 2017,the effective limit distance was 2,188 km,and the error range was no more than ±63 km.With the development of high-speed railways,the limit distance will increase year by year.