Study On Preference Reversal Behavior Of Intertemporal Choice In Unbalanced Bidding

Under the Quantity pricing model,unbalanced quotation has become a widely used bidding competition strategy in the field of Engineering construction.General construction projects have the characteristics of long construction period,which leads to obvious cross-period situation of construction projects.In the decision-making of unbalanced quotation,the decision-maker needs to weigh the current and future benefits,make judgments and choices,and face the problem of multiple intertemporal choices.For example,the bidding decision-maker tends to get less benefit from early settlement or more benefit from later settlement?Relevant studies show that bidding decision makers are not completely rational.The psychological characteristics of the bidder’s intertemporal choice will affect the unbalanced bid strategy,thereby affecting the amount of the project’s settlement and operating benefits.Therefore,considering the intertemporal nature of unbalanced quotation items and the limited rationality of decision makers,exploring the psychological mechanism of intertemporal selection of decision makers with unbalanced quotation has important guiding significance for enhancing the efficiency of decision-making with unbalanced quotation and realizing rational decision-making.Aiming at the psychological effect of intertemporal choices in the process of formulating unbalanced quotation strategy,based on the principle of maximum utility of intertemporal settlement combined strategy,and assuming that the bidding decision maker is a bounded rational person,this paper introduces four variables:time scale,time frame,rational level and risk preference,and adopts 2~4(4 factors and 2 levels)design to conduct intertemporal choices by issuing questionnaires.The multi-factor interaction of selection is studied in order to reveal the psychological mechanism of intertemporal selection of unbalanced bidding decision-makers and optimize the quotation decision scheme of bidder.Firstly,considering the intertemporal characteristics of engineering construction projects and the limited rationality of bidders,this paper analyses former-later model,variable pricing model and comprehensive bidding model,and sums up the influencing factors of intertemporal selection,such as time factor,rational level and risk preference.Secondly,combing the thought and design requirement of questionnaire compilation,according to the influencing factors of unbalanced offer intertemporal choice,the experiment of unbalanced offer intertemporal choice behavior is designed.Questionnaire star platform is used to distribute questionnaires and collect and collate data from valid questionnaires.Then,through the statistical analysis of the experimental data by SPSS software,the influence of personality traits(rational level,risk preference)and time discount(time scale,time frame)on unbalanced quotation is clarified,and the interaction of the intertemporal selection of unbalanced quotation under different income situations is explored.Finally,based on the analysis of the influence of time discount and personality traits on intertemporal selection and the interaction of intertemporal selection of unbalanced quotation,the preference reversal behavior of decision makers in unbalanced quotation under time scale,time frame and amount level is explored,and the psychological mechanism of preference reversal of intertemporal selection of unbalanced quotation is revealed.Based on the analysis of psychological mechanism and preference reversal behavior of unbalanced bidding,in order to improve the rational decision-making of decision-makers,the following suggestions are given:1)Through the training and practice of cultural and ideological qualities and systematic external control of decision-makers,we can improve their self-awareness,self-management ability and decision-making effect;2)Careful reading of contract clauses,multi-angle analysis of decision-making programs,strengthening the rational level of decision-makers’understanding of decision-making programs to reduce irrational decision-making;3)We should encourage the establishment of a decision-making mechanism that favors long-term interests and a rigorous and efficient decision-making framework,as well as an incentive and restraint system for decision-makers’intertemporal decision-making behavior,so as to achieve rational decision-making..