Micro-simulation Of Pedestrian Flow In Multifunctional Passageways At Subway Stations

Under the transit-oriented development idea,the passenger volume of rail transit has increased year by year,and the crowd gathering phenomenon is obvious during peak hours and holidays,creating good development opportunities for commercial services.Affected by the intensive use of land,passageways in subway station area has also gradually transformed from a pedestrian-based single-function passageway to a multifunctional passageway with both traffic and service functions.Pedestrians whose main purpose is to recive services are susceptible to special behaviors such as slowing down and stopping by service facilities,which affect the overall efficiency of pedestrian flow.Due to the particularity and complexity of pedestrian flow,the planning and design of this type of passage lack the basis for quantitative analysis.Micro-simulation is an effective means to research pedestrian flow.It is of great significance to the layout of service facilities and space design of this kind of passageway by rationally reproducing the characteristics of pedestrian movement in different travel purposes and different areas in the passageway.This paper conducts a field investigation on the multifunctional passageway in Beijing Dawanglu subway station area,analyzes the pedestrian traffic characteristics and the influence of service facilities in the passageway,divides the passageway area according to the survey results,and establishes the multifunctional passageway pedestrian flow micro-simulation model based on the social force model.The work detail is as follows:(1)Researched on pedestrian walking characteristics in multifunctional passageway.Selected multifunctional passageways of different widths to obtain the characteristics and their relationships of pedestrian ratios,passageway boundary forms,individual speeds,pedestrian flow parameters,etc.for different travel purposes.Defined the viscous effect of service facilities and analyzed their effects and scopes according to different passageway boundary forms,the passageway was further divided into passing area and buffer area.The main purpose of the passing area was to pass through,in the main form of opposite pass,the buffer area was a mixed passing and service area,and various pedestrian walking methods coexist.(2)Based on the social force model,the pedestrian simulation model of the multifunctional passageway was constructed.On the basis of the social force model,the psychological repulsive force,the mechanism of avoiding pedestrian and the contact force were improved with reference to the relevant research.The model of boundary action between pedestrian and facility in buffer area was established,and the influence of boundary force on pedestrian was refined by considering the difference of different boundary forms.In order to show the influence of the viscous effect of service facilities on the trajectory and speed of service pedestrians,the attractive viscous force was introduced into the buffer area by using the repulsive force,and the deceleration viscous force was determined according to the current velocity of pedestrians and the relative position relationship between pedestrians and service facilities(3)Model parameter calibration and verification.According to the measured data,focused on calibrating the related parameters of different forms of boundary force and viscous force.The simulation environment was constructed by Python language and the model was implemented,the effectiveness of the model was verified by simulation scenarios,regional average speed of pedestrians,individual pedestrian speed changes,and the fundamental diagrams of pedestrian flows.(4)Case study of facility distribution and passageway width selection.By adjusting the distribution of service facilities with different viscous effects,the average speed of pedestrians in different areas could be obtained,and suggestions of facilies distribution have been proposed.Simulation experiments were carried out according to the proportion of pedestrians for different travel purposes and the width of different passageways,and the average speed and density of pedestrians in the entire passageway were statistically calculated,the suggested value of the passageway width under the proportion of pedestrians for different travel purposes was proposed.