Study On Spatial Morphology Characteristics Of Traditional Villages In South Source Of Zhuozhang River Basin

Zhuozhang River in Shanxi Province has nurtured Shangdang culture with a long history.Human beings live in the river basin for a long time.A large number of traditional villages are distributed along the river basin.All kinds of important cultural relics are scattered in these villages.Although the villages are scattered in space and different in shape,they are influenced by the unified natural environment and social environment of Zhuozhang River Basin.At present,there are few researches on the traditional villages in the basin.This paper hopes to grasp the spatial characteristics of traditional villages in this important traditional culture area through the research on the spatial form of traditional villages in the south source of Zhuozhang River Basin.First of all,according to the relevant research at home and abroad,the related concepts,research objects and research contents are defined.27 villages in the south source of Zhuozhang River Basin were selected as the research objects.Secondly,through the collation of relevant literature and data,using Arc GIS software to process the data,from the perspective of regional perspective,this paper demonstrates the influence mode and result of four factors of Valley geomorphic environment,regional economy,social and cultural,and military activity sites on the spatial form of traditional villages.Then,through literature review and field investigation,the paper studies the spatial form of traditional villages,mainly including the location characteristics,location types,boundary and center of traditional villages,and uses spatial syntax to classify and summarize the street pattern.Finally,the traditional style of the traditional village public space is evaluated,and the evaluation index system of the traditional village public space is constructed by using the analytic hierarchy process.The weight coefficient of each evaluation factor is determined by issuing the expert questionnaire.The score data of each factor is obtained in the form of questionnaire survey,and the evaluation results are determined by summarizing the data.Through the above research,the main conclusions of this paper are as follows:(1)Most of the 27 traditional villages in the south source of Zhuozhang River Basin are above 1000 meters in elevation.44% of the villages are located on the sunny slope and56% on the shady slope,and the overall distribution is "near water";The location of villages is related to mineral resources.The closer to coal and iron ore,the more villages there are;Under the influence of Lu merchants,there are a lot of commercial buildings in the village;There are many fairs and temple fairs in the basin,and the villagers have rich spiritual life;A large number of ancient military remains and the old sites of the red revolutionary base make the village form a defensive structure,and have great potential for the development of red tourism.(2)The plane form of traditional villages in the south source of Zhuozhang River Basin is cluster type and belt type,and the site selection types include Valley in the mountains,water on the back of the mountain,along the road,along the river,and flat zone;the village boundary is mainly roads,rivers,and mountains,a few villages are bounded by self built village walls,and the village center is divided into open public space,public buildings,and large houses Under the common influence of natural and social environmental factors,six types of street pattern are formed,including chessboard type,fishbone type,one character belt type,cross type,C-shape and inverted F-shape.(3)Through the questionnaire survey,85% of the traditional villages in the south source area of Zhuozhang River Basin have good traditional public space style,while 15% of the traditional villages are slightly poor.