Researching On The Optimization Of External Space Of Building Based On Behavior Analysis Of Physically Disabled People

At present,the living settlement environment and the development of public services with the main 0067 oal of barrier-free environment construction are still incomplete.The government and various provincial and municipal disabled persons’ federation have made great efforts to develop barrier-free environment construction.In 2018,1072 cities and towns carried out 2,929 barrier-free construction projects.China’s disabled population accounts for 6.39% of the country’s total population,of which 24.72 million people are disabled,accounting for 29% of the total number of disabled people,and their main scope of activities is disabled rehabilitation centers,special education schools and other disabled service institutions in various provinces and cities.However,there is a lack of empirical and in-depth research on the mobility needs of people with limb disabilities.Most of them are aimed at the behavior and space needs of the elderly.The barrier-free external space of the building is less accessible and seldom considers the behavior characteristics and activity needs of people with limb disabilities.The weak basic research on the behavior and needs for people with disabilities leads to the weakness of barrier-free design of the external space of the external space of the building,and the barrier-free facilities have become “obstacle” for people with physical disabilities,and some spaces violate the relevant barrier-free design principles.The service agencies for the disabled is the first step for people with limb disabilities to contact with the external space.When we need improving the barrier-free construction environment of the city,the first priority should be to optimize the design of the external space of disabled service institutions.In this study,through the research and mutual verification of the objective behavior characteristics of the disabled and their subjective evaluation of the external space of the building,the existing problems of the external space and the key points of the space barrier free optimization design are judged.At the beginning of the study,the behavior characteristics and scale,behavioral disorders and psychological characteristics of limb disabled people were firstly analyzed.Three representative service organizations for the disabled(Liaoning Special Education Teachers College,Liaoning Rehabilitation Center for the Disabled,and China Rehabilitation Research Center)were selected as research sites.Combined with the relevant barrier-free construction laws and regulations at home and abroad,the check list of the barrier-free external space of the buildings is summarized,and through the analysis of the external space and the current situation of the crowd behavior,and 10 monitoring spaces are selected for long-term observation.Two monitoring spaces were selected for pre-experiment,and the methods of data acquisition,processing and analysis and error resolution were studied in depth.According to the preliminary research results,the subjective evaluation questionnaire for the limb disabled people were formulated,and the expert validity analysis and reliability analysis were adjusted to the questionnaire items.The results of the pre-test results of the questionnaires and the pre-experimental results of the crowd behavior analysis were used to analyze the stability and reliability of the behavior analysis of the limb disabled people,and the investigation and analysis process was adjusted.In addition,with the in-depth investigation and actual measurement of 10 monitoring spaces,a total of 178 surveillance videos were obtained,and the behavior information(behavior characteristics and scales,behavioral disorders)of the limb disabled people were taken to analyze their behavioral trajectories.In order to understand their behavior disorders,behavioral status,behavior characteristics and activity routes,restore the special spatial behavior pattern of the limb disabled people,and summarize the existing problems in the external space of the building.In addition,the Liaoning Disabled Persons’ Federation and the China Disabled Persons’ Rehabilitation Center were combined to obtain subjective evaluations from the disabled population,and to explore the relationship between the degree of attention to the barrier-free accessibility and the satisfaction of the disabled population.400 questionnaires were distributed,and 314 valid questionnaires were obtained.The single-sample t-test and variance analysis were used to determine the significant influence of personal attributes and activity characteristics on the degree of spatial accessibility demand and satisfaction,and to summarize the activity characteristics,time requirements and space requirements of the disabled population.In addition,an IPA matrix is established to analyze the degree of barrier-free construction of the external space of service agencies for the disabled population,the order of space optimization and the key points of optimization,and to put forward the key points of optimizing the barrier-free of external space of buildings from the perspective of the use demands and post-use satisfactions of the disabled people.By combining the results of objective measurement and analysis of crowd behavior with the results of subjective evaluation data analysis,the current situation of the path space,entrance and exit space,stay space and facility distribution of the disabled service organizations and the optimization focus were summarized.According to the above four aspects,design strategies based on the behavior and needs of limb disabled people are proposed,and the design strategy was used to optimize the barrier-free areas in three service agencies for the disabled people,establish the system features of the barrierfree external space of the buildings,and provide theoretical basis for subsequent barrierfree environment construction and the optimization design reference for the modification of the existing environment.The barrier-free environment construction of the external space of buildings should not only stay in the construction of barrier-free facilities,but also pay attention to the space requirements of users and the barrier-free construction of space,and improve the safety,comfort and convenience of the limb disabled people in the space environment.