Study On Plant Landscape And Formation Mechanism Of Characteristic Plant Landscape In Dong Traditional Villages In Southeast Guizhou

In order to explore the characteristics and formation mechanism of traditional plant landscape in Dong Traditional Villages in Southeast Guizhou,the spatial structure of plant landscape in Dongdong village in Southeast Guizhou was studied by fractal theory,stand spatial structure parameters and gap index.88 samples were investigated by community survey method.The relevant data and index data of plant landscape were collected by questionnaire survey and measurement method.Delphi method was used The evaluation index system and weight of the traditional plant landscape of Dong Nationality in Southeast Guizhou were determined by AHP.The threshold value of plant landscape was determined by fuzzy comprehensive evaluation and normal distribution method.The influencing factors of the formation of traditional plant landscape were explored based on the plant landscape characteristics,and finally the formation mechanism of plant landscape in the traditional villages of Dong Nationality in Southeast Guizhou was obtained.This study is of great significance to the protection and maintenance of plant landscape in Dong traditional villages,and it is of great value to the inheritance and development of characteristic plant landscape.The results showed that:(1)There are 248 families,726 genera and 938 vascular plants in the study area,including 209 families,662 genera,866 species,15 families,24 genera,26 species of angiosperms,24 families,24 families,40 genera and 46 ferns.According to the life type statistics,there are 214 arbors,216 shrubs,477 herbs and 45 vines;The flora has obvious transitional and complex,and the distribution of tropical characteristics is the dominant factor;The plant community can be divided into 6 vegetation types,30 groups and 55 groups from;The Margalef index(4.3752),Shannon winener index(1.0538),Simpson index(0.8075),Pielou index(0.3459)are higher than that of urban plant community.(2)The spatial distribution pattern of the traditional village plant community in Dongzu in Southeast Guizhou is aggregation distribution,and the dominant degree of forest growth is in the medium and the intensity is mixed;The spatial structure parameters of plant community calculated by Tyson polygon method and traditional four tree method are consistent with each other,and it shows that the method is applicable to the spatial structure of traditional village plant community landscape;The spatial occupying ability of the shrub layer is weak,the texture is broken and the utilization of resources is weak,and the complexity is low;The landscape stability of each community in the study area is unstable.(3)Based on the garden plant resources of Dong Traditional Villages in Southeast Guizhou Province,combining with the field investigation,the paper summarizes the collocation characteristics of Traditional Dong village plants and other landscape elements(architecture,road,water body and mountain stone),which provides the basis for the selection and allocation mode of tree species in the traditional villages of Dong Nationality in Southeast Guizhou;The paper summarizes the concept and principle,principle,technique and function of plant landscape in the traditional villages of Dong Nationality in Southeast Guizhou,and forms the basic theory system of plant landscape creation in the traditional villages of Dong Nationality in Southeast Guizhou.(4)The landscape index system of Dong Traditional Villages in Southeast Guizhou is divided into two levels,four first-level indicators,namely landscape perception(0.0847)(weight in brackets,the same below),ecological value(0.1788),humanistic characteristics(0.3788),morphological structure(0.3577),and secondary indicators 21,The index system is suitable for the traditional plant landscape of Dong Nationality in Southeast Guizhou;From the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation results,the forest,courtyard and Fengshui forest have the highest score,farmland,ancient wells,ancient trees,houses,sacrifice,road and economic forest are the second,while the scores of rivers,squares and vegetable fields are the lowest;The threshold threshold of characteristic plant landscape in Dong Traditional Villages in Southeast Guizhou is 4.3242,and the proportion of plant landscape samples with comprehensive score lower than the threshold is 9.09%.The communities below the threshold value show the problems of lacking of human characteristics,simple community structure and poor community stability.The ecological value is lower than the threshold land(10.91%).(5)The plant landscape of Dong traditional villages is different from the traditional villages in cities and other areas,which has regional and national characteristics.Its formation and evolution are influenced by both human and natural factors.The interaction between human factors(traditional culture,economic and technological development,social organization structure,etc.)and natural factors(topography,climate,hydrology,etc.)are also discussed Under the interaction of soil conditions,the interaction between human factors and natural factors,a unique plant landscape of Dong traditional villages is formed.