Research On Spatial Reconstruction And Optimal Design Of Agricultural Upgrading Rural Settlement Based On Transformation Dynamic Mechanism

China is a big country developing traditional agriculture.Due to the shortage of agricultural resources allocation caused by the contradiction between people and land,the current agricultural economic model is still dominated by the inefficient small-scale peasant economy,the duality of rural and urban areas is becoming more and more obvious,and the "three rural issues" are becoming more and more prominent.The promulgation and implementation of " Urban and Rural Planning Law of the People’s Republic of China" in 2008 marks that China has entered a new period of urban and rural development,and the transformation and upgrading of agriculture is an inevitable trend.With the continuous introduction of national policies to support agriculture,it is of great significance to study the future direction of agricultural development and the spatial optimization mode of agricultural rural settlements for exploring the path of agricultural modernization with Chinese characteristics.Based on this,this paper takes the agricultural rural settlements as the research object,and the main research contents are as follows:(1)This paper studies the spatial characteristics of agricultural rural settlements.The first is quantitative research.Combined with the relevant theories of planning and geography,the paper puts forward three reconstruction directions of agricultural rural settlements,and constructs a set of indicators to identify the spatial characteristics and reconstruction rules of rural settlements.Referring to the relevant national and local standards,the ideal values of each indicator are obtained as the basis for the follow-up research.Secondly,30 characteristic agricultural rural settlements in Northeast China,North China,East China,Southwest China,central China,South China and Northwest China are selected,and the data are input according to the reconstruction indicators as the case database.Through the horizontal comparison,this paper obtains the differences of the indicators in different areas,and further explores the spatial characteristics of the indicator value mapping.The second is qualitative research.The paper mainly analyzes the current spatial characteristics of agricultural rural settlements rural settlements rural settlements rural settlements in the aspects of structural system,economic space,farmland form and residential area,and points out that there are some deficiencies in the spatial scale,living environment,agricultural land layout,public service infrastructure configuration and existing optimization mode.(2)The paper studies the reconstruction law of agricultural rural settlement,and introduces the reconstruction index to distinguish the reconstruction stage of rural settlement.By selecting 20 cases with comprehensive data from the case data,using yaahp software,using expert evaluation method and analytic hierarchy process to give weight to each reconstruction indicator,the reconstruction index of each case is calculated by weighted calculation.Finally,the paper divides the process of rural settlement reconstruction into three stages: primary stage,intermediate stage and advanced stage,and qualitatively analyzes the spatial characteristics of different stages.(3)The paper studies the dynamic mechanism of the transformation of agricultural rural settlements.First of all,this paper puts forward that agricultural rural settlement includes three transformation forces,namely external driving force,internal driving force and field force.Then,it analyzes the time sequence and effect of different types of transformation power,summarizes the coupling mechanism,and preliminarily obtains three spatial development modes of rural settlements based on different effects.(4)This paper studies the upgrading development mode of agricultural rural settlements under different transformation dynamic.According to the theory of economic integration,three kinds of agricultural development models are put forward,including leisure agriculture,park agriculture and ecological agriculture,and the characteristics of economic structure are analyzed.Then,combined with the quantitative and qualitative research,it further summarizes the differences of the spatial patterns of different sub types of agricultural rural settlements.Quantitative analysis mainly studies the differences of reconstruction indicators of different sub types of rural settlements.Qualitative analysis of the latter is based on satellite images to get the spatial structure patterns of different sub types of rural settlements,and use BIGEMAP platform to obtain the land use changes of typical cases of each sub type in three historical periods,and obtain the spatial change rules by vertical comparison.(5)The paper studies the space optimization design of agricultural rural settlements.According to the dynamic mechanism of the transformation of agricultural rural settlements,based on different reconstruction stages,this paper analyzes the general optimization path of agricultural rural settlements from five aspects: spatial structure,land use,road traffic system,public service facilities and ecological landscape.Then,for the different sub types of agricultural development mode,namely leisure agriculture,park agriculture and ecological agriculture,the optimal design ideas of economic development,spatial structure,land use,road traffic system and public service facilities are put forward respectively.