Combined EV Aggregator Optimal Dispatch Schedule Considering Demand Response

The modern electricity market will empower greater and more sophisticated demand side participation,which refer to the inclusion of mechanism that enables dynamic modification of electricity demand into the operation of electricity market,known as demand response(DR).With recent technological advancements in electric vehicle industry,government throughout the world are promoting wider adoption of electric vehicles to mitigate environmental issues.However,increasing popularity of electric vehicles will pose a great threat to existing electric grids due to added load of electric vehicles in power systems distribution network.This thesis introduces a Grid to Vehicle(G2V)system which coordinates the charging,and discharging among the Electric Vehicles(EVs)and power grid.As individuals,they cannot participate in wholesale markets(e.g.PJM 1 MW minimum capacity)because of their small electricity consumption therefore,we use a combined EV agent(Aggregator)which consist of three different EV aggregator’s households,business buildings and industrial park.The combined EV aggregator consider the charging demand of each EV aggregator using time of use(TOU)scheme.A model is proposed for EV’s which is further divided into three dispatching areas the feasibility of the scheme is checked with EV constraints considered.vehicle-to-grid(V2G)concept describe the usage electric vehicle over traditional gasoline vehicles and vehicle-to-grid(V2G)as distributed battery energy storage to support the power grid.The two main objectives of this study is that,First each EV owner seek to minimize cost of consuming electricity while receiving compensation for providing service and second,The aggregator is used to provide different tariff for each dispatching area and shift charging load demand from peak to valley hours and providing the charging demand to each agent.In this thesis,we propose a charging and discharging coordination algorithm that effectively addresses the problem of charging demand on peak time namely,Multi Agents Charging and Discharging(MACD)algorithm.The MACD algorithm aims to manage high charging demands at peak times using vehicle to grid(V2G)technologies in Smart Grid and EV’s batteries.The MACD algorithm shows a significant reduction in charging demands and the total cost is reduced up to14.7 %,without affecting the performance of the EV or the comforts of EV owner’s.