Optimal Design Of Natural Light Environment In Primary And Secondary School Classrooms In Guangzhou Based On Dynamic Daylighting Simulation

With the progress of society and the development of the times,the importance of natural lighting is recognized by more and more people.Many studies have proved the important role of natural lighting in educational buildings.Firstly,natural lighting has a positive effect on the learning efficiency,work efficiency and physical and mental health of students and faculty.Secondly,many studies have proved the importance of natural light to the growth and development of teenagers from the aspects of vision health and daily rhythm.Moreover,the rational and effective use of natural light can greatly reduce the energy consumption of educational buildings,thereby reducing the operating costs of schools.First of all,through the reading of relevant domestic and foreign literature and relevant case studies,this paper explains the basic principles and characteristics of natural lighting,analyzes the characteristics of ordinary classroom daylighting environment in primary and secondary schools at home and abroad,compares the differences between static lighting analysis and dynamic lighting analysis,which illustrates the superiority of dynamic lighting analysis compared to static lighting analysis.This paper sorts out the changing history of daylighting evaluation index of educational buildings at home and abroad by means of literature reading,combines the relevant domestic regulations and status quo to find the current daylighting evaluation standards that are more suitable for China’s national conditions as the evaluation basis for the subsequent simulations.It also introduces the related content of dynamic lighting simulation software,and constructs the corresponding dynamic lighting simulation platform.Then,through the method of literature research,this paper sorted out the geographical and climatic characteristics of Guangzhou area and the light environment needs of primary and secondary school classrooms,combed the previous survey results of the light environment research of primary and secondary school classrooms in Guangzhou area,and found that the main problems of the light environment of primary and secondary school classrooms in Guangzhou area are as follows: 1)Some classrooms are severely under-illuminated;2)Some classrooms have significant differences in illuminance between the middle and both sides;3)Some classrooms are faced with serious direct daylight and glare effects.On this basis,the author selected a recently built school with good side window daylighting design in Guangzhou to conduct field surveys and investigations.After analyzing the results,the following problems still exist: 1)Insufficient illuminance still exists in certain areas of some classrooms;2)Significant difference in illumination between the middle and both sides of the classroom;3)Problem of over-brightness near the window in some classrooms.Subsequent investigation and actual measurement of the school ’ s skylight lighting classrooms found that the classroom has the following characteristics: 1)The overall illumination of the classroom is very sufficient;2)The daylighting in the middle of the classroom is effectively supplemented,and the illuminance gap with both sides is narrowed.Therefore,this paper demonstrates that while optimizing the daylighting of the side-window lighting classroom,it is also necessary to further explore the possibility of other lighting methods,such as skylight daylighting,for improving the daylight environment of the classroom,and introduce its corresponding daylighting optimization strategies.Finally,based on the actual survey results and the relevant specifications and engineering experience,this paper establishes a typical classroom model in Guangzhou,and stimulates the model for all-weather dynamic daylighting throughout the year.The simulation is mainly divided into two parts.The first part is to simulate the light environment of the classrooms that only rely on side windows for daylighting,and obtain the daylighting of the side window lighting classrooms in different classroom types,different floor heights,different corridor widths,different reflector heights,different reflector materials,and different types of ceilings.The results,combined with the corresponding evaluation indicators for analysis and comparison,provide a feasible reference for the daylighting optimization design of side window classrooms in Guangzhou.In the second part,firstly,simulate the changes in the parameters of each part of the skylight itself(the height of the vertical glass,the height of the bottom edge of the vertical glass,the length of the roof daylighting opening,the width of the roof daylighting opening)in the form of controlled variables,and discuss the effect of changes in each part on daylighting.Then combine it with the side window lighting,specifically discuss the lighting effect after adding skylights in the classrooms,and possible optimization methods,and provide a certain reference for the future use of skylights in classrooms in Guangzhou area.