Research On The Morphological Types And Characteristics Of Old Residential Districts In Harbin

The current average urbanization rate in my country has exceeded 60%.The focus of urban construction has shifted from "incremental expansion" to "stock optimization",and urban space construction has entered a stage of high-quality improvement.As the functional unit occupying the largest proportion of urban space,urban old residential areas are of great significance to optimize the quality of urban space,promote the livable life of the people,and promote high-quality economic development.Based on the typology of urban morphology,this paper constructs a research framework for the morphological types of settlements and expands the full text of the old settlements in Harbin.The historical evolution analysis draws on the urban plan analysis method of the Conzen school,and the classification of morphology draws on the idea of the Italian Muratori-Caniggia school.Through the analysis of the "time-space" dimension,the old settlement types with historical morphological texture protection value are explored,and corresponding update strategies are proposed for each morphological type.The research of this article can be divided into five parts.First,the article first systematically combs the theory of urban morphology and the related theories of settlement morphology,finds the theoretical support that can be integrated between the two,and constructs the research framework of the old settlement morphology of this article.Second,draw lessons from the urban plane analysis method of the Conzen school,analyze the evolution of the built-up areas,residential building types and road grids of the old residential areas in Harbin from a historical scale,and summarize the spatial development boundary map and road network continuity in Harbin classification diagram.Third,divide the morphological types of old settlements from the two scales of block and building.In terms of block scale,three types of morphological elements are introduced: road network,land parcel,and road network and morphological relationship,and related indicators of morphological elements are sorted out through literature review to construct an index system.Exploring the morphological types of old settlements at the block scale through GIS spatial autocorrelation cluster analysis,including old settlements with dense texture,old settlements with coarse texture,old settlements with high accessibility,and old with low accessibility There are six types of settlements,large-scale old settlements and small-scale old settlements.In terms of architectural scale,two types of morphological elements,namely,the relationship between building groups and buildings and plots,are introduced,and related indicators of morphological elements are sorted out through literature review to construct an index system.The factor analysis method is used to further filter the indicators for K-Means cluster analysis,to explore the morphological types of old settlements at the architectural scale,including enclosed old settlements,high-density old settlements,determinant old settlements and Large-scale old settlements.Fourth,explore the characteristics and distribution characteristics of the morphological types of old settlements at the block scale and building scale,and believe that the old settlements in the high-form value areas have the characteristics of dense morphology and texture,and the old settlements in the low-form value areas Generally show the characteristics of loose morphology and texture.Finally,based on the classification results of morphological types and characteristic laws,strategies for delimiting the renewal protection zone of old residential areas,delimiting the renewal and transformation units of old residential areas and the hierarchical morphological renewal of old residential areas are proposed.