Tri-modal Bottleneck Equilibrium Model Analysis Considering The Setting Of Exclusive Bus Lanes

Along with the rapid pullulation of the economy recently,the number of motor vehicles in cities has been increasing year by year,which has seriously deteriorated the quality of traffic.The phenomenon of crowded queues is more prominent on a bottleneck road in the big city.As an effective means to relieve urban congestion,the public transit priority strategy is gradually favoured by the management department.In real life,there are often setting exclusive bus lanes only worsen the traffic congestion phenomenon,in order to better guide the urban traffic design,to help the traffic administrative department,it is necessary for bottleneck on how to reasonably set exclusive bus lanes,and the setting of exclusive bus lanes before and after the morning rush to commuters travel behaviours change are studied.Firstly,the definition of bottleneck section is given,and the classical bottleneck model is analysed.Based on the classical bottleneck model,this paper constructs the multi-mode bottleneck equilibrium models under different bus lane usage policies,including solo driving,bus and carpool.According to the existence and use of bus lanes,its use policies are divided as follows: no exclusive bus lanes(called Policy 1);only bus can use exclusive bus lanes(called Policy 2);both carpooling and bus can use exclusive bus lanes(called Policy 3).Then,reasonable setting scheme of bus lanes is the key step to maximize the utilization of road resources and minimize the all commuters’ average travel cost.We evaluate the performance of entire travel system through the total system cost,which includes travellers’ total generalized cost and total cost of bus operation.Taking the capacity of bus lane and the frequency of bus departure as decision variables,the upper model is established,and the multi-mode bottleneck equilibrium model under different travel policies is taken as the lower model.The combinatorial optimization model is established to improve the efficiency of the whole travel system.Finally,a numerical example is used to solve the model constructed in this paper and the sensitivity analysis of the corresponding model parameters is conducted.The results can be used to analyse the influence of the change of travel demand on the optimal use policy of bus lanes.At the same time,it can also be used to analyse the effect of model parameters such as travellers’ choice preference parameters for different traffic modes under different policies.To sum up,this paper mainly solves the following four problems:(1)How to formulate a multi-modal traffic bottleneck equilibrium model incorporating EBLs setting?(2)How to evaluate and improve the transportation system’s performance in the multi-modal bottleneck model?(3)What is the optimal strategy for implementing the exclusive bus lanes in multi-modal traffic bottleneck model?(4)How different related factors such as demand level and choice preference affect travellers’ choice behaviours and travel costs for different policies? To sum up,this paper builds a multi-mode bottleneck equalization model considering the bus lane setting,which can be used to evaluate and improve the performance of the whole travel system during the morning rush hour and optimize the bus lane setting.The conclusion has positive significance for improving the operation efficiency of the travel system,relieving traffic congestion and reducing the total cost of the system.