| Planning heritage,which combines urban planning and cultural heritage,is a new topic in the field of planning theory and heritage protection.Through the review of the research on "planning heritage" in the international context,the "planning heritage" is defined as "rooted in the background of the times,reflecting social ideals,condensing planning wisdom and putting into practice planning.It is a cultural landscape formed by the projection of specific power consciousness into urban and rural space".By analyzing the concepts of "planning heritage" and cultural heritage,planning wisdom and heritage completion,The differences in concept category,practice process and initial state are pointed out,and the characteristics of "planning heritage" are clarified.Secondly,through the identification of the core content,existing mode,typical characteristics and research path of "planning heritage",the research system of "planning heritage" is constructed.The author thinks that the core content of planning heritage includes three aspects: text style planning thought,pattern design method and space form in development;its existence includes three dimensions: explicit and recessive,concrete and abstract,entity and virtual body;it has three characteristics: ideological orientation,deviation of planning practice and continuity of evolution process.It also points out that the research on "planning heritage" should take the background of the times as the clue to explore the theory of urban construction;focus on planning practice,analyze the technical methods of urban planning;take the urban form as the grasp to study the development and evolution of urban space.Through the systematic construction of the research framework of planning heritage,this paper attempts to establish a research paradigm of this new topic.Taking the planned economic period(1949-1978)as an example,this paper discusses the characteristics of the times and Chinese characteristics of urban planning in this special period.It points out that the planned economy is in the background of "external internal achievement","connecting the past and the future",and the social ideal of developing national economy,realizing communism and maintaining the new regime.Under the influence of the background and social ideal,the planning and construction process in the planned economy period is combed and summarized.Taking Wuhan and other cities as the representative,the paper points out that the planning heritage in the planned economy period has formed a tree structure of allocating social resources under the management thought of fragmentation and system closure,and further formed the "social empty" with the unit courtyard as the core The "inter unit" unit;under the development thought of production priority and industrial leading,a planning method for determining the land scale with quota as the index has been formed,and the structure of "production and life" with industrial area as a group has been formed;under the influence of the design thought of economic application and aesthetic consideration,the design method of displaying the city image with point axis layout is formed,and the broad road is further formed The street is the representative form of "grand narration".Through the research on the theme of "planning heritage" in the planned economy period,the research system of "planned heritage" is constructed,and the relatively weak field of urban construction in the planned economy period is also studied.At the theoretical level,the theoretical system of planning with Chinese characteristics is improved,and the law of the times in the process of urban construction in China is pointed out;in practice,it also points out the characteristics and elements to be preserved in the urban planning and construction in this special period,and lays a foundation for the protection and development of the later period. |
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