Research On The Barriers To The Implementation Of Shore Power Promotion Policy In China Based On The Investment Income Model

In recent years,the shipping industry has become one of the fastest growing greenhouse gas emission factors.The air and noise pollution caused by berthing ships has increasingly become an important problem affecting the environment of coastal port cities.Research and practice have proved that during the berthing period,the shipboard generator can be turned off and the pollutant emission can be reduced as much as possible by connecting the shore power(SP).This method has been applied in some ports in the world.Connecting SP can not only meet the daily operation power supply demand of ships,but also effectively reduce the emission of air pollutants.Although the Chinese government has continuously guided and encouraged the promotion of SP technology in recent years,there are still some problems in the process,such as low installation rate of shipborne power-receiving facilities,unattractive cost advantages of SP usage,low reliability and standardization levels of shipborne equipment and terminal facilities,vaguely targeted government subsidies,which are the main barriers to the implementation of SP promotion in China.This paper briefly reviews and compares the development process of SP in relevant countries and regions.Taking China as an example,the PMC index model is established to quantitatively evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of some policies,and the typical barriers to the implementation of SP promotion are analyzed.This paper identifies the direct stakeholders of SP promotion,which are port,shipping company,government and grid company.Then,based on the investment income model,this paper focuses on the economic analysis of the direct stakeholders,considering the cost of the transformation of SP facilities,the income from the use of SP,the cost recovery period and so on.Combined with the example of Shanghai port,this paper estimates the cost recovery period of port and shipping company.This paper analyzes the profit changes of different participants by the combination of different factors such as service years,SP service charge and electricity price,and obtains a series of guiding rules.Finally,based on the case analysis,the paper puts forward some suggestions for policy improvement from the aspects of improving the utilization rate of SP,facilities construction,standard setting,pricing and subsidies.The results show that the large-scale transformation of SP facilities requires the port and shipping companies to invest the capital cost which can not be recovered in a short time,so the government’s appropriate subsidy policy is conducive to promote the promotion of SP.The more subsidies the government provides to the ports and shipping companies,the shorter time they can recover the cost.However,the subsidies should not be too high,otherwise the effect will be smaller and smaller.In addition,the SP service charge determines the common interests of port,shipping company,government and power grid company.The government can regulate the pricing of SP service charge by subsidizing the SP construction,so as to balance the profits and cost recovery period of all parties.However,it is not a sustainable behavior to promote the normal use of SP by government subsidies.The government and private enterprises should explore and develop special funds and other innovative schemes.