Correlation Between Sky View Factor And Spatial Form Of High-density Urban Residential Area ——Take Hefei As An Example

With the acceleration of China’s urbanization process,urban development presents a high-density form.As an important part of city,urban residential area is closely related to urban thermal environment.The form of urban residential area is the main factor affecting the quality of residential environment.Under the background of the rapid development of urbanization,the research on the spatial form of high-density urban residential area has attracted more and more scholars’ attention.At present,there is a weak connection between the macro evaluation index of urban thermal environment and the spatial form design index of high-density urban residential areas,so it is necessary to further improve the design standard system of high-density urban residential areas.Sky view factor is an important parameter reflecting the relationship between urban spatial form and heat island effect.By introducing the index of sky view factor into the planning and design of high-density urban residential areas with a smaller scale and combining it with the factors that affect the spatial form design of residential areas,the reference standard of planning and design of high-density urban residential areas can be further improved to make the construction of high-density urban residential areas more scientific and reasonable.Through field investigation of 27 high-density urban residential areas in Hefei,this study classifies and summarizes different types of modules of high-density urban residential areas according to plot ratio.Plot ratio between 2.5-3 module has high density city residential areas surrounded by all ranks top type,ranks top half surrounded by type,ranks low on both sides of the high type,middle ranks high on both sides of the lower middle type,oblique column top full surround type,column top half surround type,low combination of the south north high type,combination between high on both sides of the low type,combination type low on both sides of the high,a total of 9 class.High-density residential modules with floor area ratio between 3 and3.6 can be divided into 6 types: oblique high-rise fully enclosed type,oblique high-rise semi-enclosed type,row high-rise fully enclosed type,row high-rise side type,staggered high-rise south low north high type,staggered high-rise fully enclosed type.By simulating the high density urban habitat sky view factor of different types of modules,it is concluded that high density urban residential plot ratio within 2.5-3using combined residential layout forms can obtain higher sky view factor,volume rate within 3-3.6 uses ranks top side type or staggered type layout form can get higher sky view factor.Hefei,selected on the basis of the typical module,high density urban habitat by respectively adjusting the high density urban habitat typical module between the plot ratio,building density and building of strewn at random,layout,construction monomer form,further analysis of the high density urban residential space form the relationship between influence factors and the sky view factor,thus draw the conclusion: The plot ratio and building density of high-density urban residential areas are negatively correlated with sky view factor,while the patchwork degree between buildings is positively correlated with sky view factor.The significant order of the impact of plot ratio,building density and patchwork degree between buildings on sky view factor is: building density > patchwork degree between buildings > plot ratio.For every 10% reduction in building density,sky view factor increases by about 4%.The staggered degree of buildings is increased by 1 times on the original basis,and the sky view factor is increased by about 1%.When the floor area ratio of buildings decreases by 10%,the sky view factor increases by 3%.By adjusting the layout form of typical modules and the location of single buildings in high-density urban residential areas,the following conclusions are drawn: in high-density urban residential areas,when the floor area ratio,building density and staggered degree of buildings are the same,higher value of sky view factor can be obtained by using determinant.When the floor area ratio,building density,staggered degree between buildings and plane layout form are the same,the higher single building near the boundary in the residential area can obtain a higher value of sky view factor.Finally,the study further improves the sky view factor for high-density urban residential areas,and puts forward the morphological layout optimization strategy.In high density urban residential design of the future,by reducing the building density,increase building strewn at random,to reduce the residential plot ratio,choose between determinant layout,adjusting monomer building location of this a few big strategy,further optimize the residential space form,get higher rates of residential sky view factor,thus improve the quality of high density urban habitat space,improve urban microclimate.This paper discusses the relationship between sky view factor and various influencing factors of spatial form of high-density urban residential area,and provides scientific theoretical support for planning and design of residential area suitable for urban microclimate.Figure[17] table[19] reference[58]...