Research On The Path Of Norway’s Energy Sustainable Development Policy

Norway is a typical resource-based country in the world today,whose oil,natural gas,water and other energy resources are extremely rich.Unlike the Netherlands and other countries that "fully utilized" their resources and fell into the "resource curse",Norway has not been exploiting endlessly after the discovery of oil.The government has fully considered the characteristics of its energy resources and long-term future development plan,emphasizing the coordination of energy exploitation and environmental protection,and sustainability of resources,environment,economic and society.For several years,Norway has been evaluated by the United Nations as one of the most livable countries,with a good GDP development trend and perfect social welfare system,all of which show that Norway’s energy sustainable development policy has achieved remarkable results.Since the Industrial Revolution,with the development of urbanization and industrialization,human beings have caused irreversible damage to the ecological environment,such as water and air pollution,accelerated global warming and loss of biodiversity.People began to think about making efforts in resource utilization and energy consumption,not only focusing on the economic benefits of energy,but reducing its negative impact on the environment.Norway’s energy policy focuses on promoting economic growth as well as sustainable development of the environment,emphasizing on increasing the use of renewable energy,investing in clean energy technology and improving energy efficiency.Understand and analyze Norway’s policies and guidelines in resource extraction,environment protection and sustainable development can inspire and guide other resource-based countries to explore sustainable development.This paper consists of three parts.The first part is introduction.It describes the background of the research on the Norwegian energy sustainable development policy,the theoretical and practical significance of the policy research,and then sorts out the relevant literature of domestic and foreign scholars on different topics,then introduces the research methods of this paper,and three innovation points compared with the previous literature and the insufficiency under the limited scientific research conditions.The second part is the main body,which is divided into four chapters,respectively introducing the theoretical origins and concepts of sustainable energy development,Norway’s resource endowment,energy industry,and the dynamic and static analysis of its energy sustainable development policy,also international and domestic factors driving the implementation of Norway’s energy sustainable development policy,as well as evaluations and reflections on Norway’s energy sustainable development policies.The third part is conclusion,which focuses on why there are great limitations in the reference of Norway’s energy sustainable development policy.According to the definition of sustainable development in Our Common Future,this paper matches the theory of sustainable development with Norway’s energy sustainable development policy,and summarizes four aspects: economic sustainability,environmental sustainability,social sustainability and the sustainability of energy itself,providing a theoretical framework and basis for the policy analysis of this paper,as well as enriching the theoretical system of sustainable development in the field of energy.On this basis,this paper takes time as the axis to clearly present the changes in Norway’s energy situation and the energy sustainable development policy implemented since the 1970 s,and then put forward new ideas for energy policy research of Norway.In addition to studying Norway’s sustainable energy development policy,this paper also analyzes the international environment in which Norway is located and the role of domestic actors,so that readers can better understand the logic behind its policy.Based on the above analysis,this paper draws the conclusion that the Norwegian government has successfully achieved sustainable development in various fields through a series of means acting on the national economy,environment,social system,etc.It provides new ideas for China and other resource-based countries to explore the direction of sustainable energy development in the future.