Kuandian Area Of Dandong Preliminary Study On Overwintering Of Actinidia Arguta

Actinidia argute,also known as round dates,kiwiberry,and soft dates,is Actinidiaceae,ActinidiaLindl,and deciduous vines.Different types of kiwifruit have great differences in terms of traits and nutrient content,and also have different characteristics in terms of maturity and fruit flavor.China is the origin of kiwifruit,and its germplasm resources are extremely rich.There are 66 species of kiwi genus,and 62 species are distributed in China.Actinidia arguta is more common in Changbai Mountains and Xiaoxinganling.The Actinidia arguta is popular among consumers for its sweet and sour taste,rich nutrition,and remarkable medicinal and health care effects.In recent years,Actinidia arguta has attracted wide attention from countries around the world and has made great progress.Actinidia arguta is a plant with strong cold resistance.However,in the cold autumn and winter seasons in Northeast China,extreme low temperature weather will still cause serious damage to Actinidia arguta.Dandong is the main producing area of Actinidia arguta,A large area of dead trees appeared in the Actinidia arguta in the spring Dandong region in 2018.Overwintering has become an obstacle to the development of the Actinidia arguta industry.In order to discuss the overwintering problem of Actinidia arguta,we analyzed the meteorological data of Kuandian area in Dandong City from 2017 to 2018.At the same time,we randomly selected 10 Actinidia arguta orchards in Kuandian area to investigate the severity,symptoms,and site of dead trees.The conditions,varieties and cultivation management conditions,etc.,analyzed the causes of dead trees.The results show that the winter of 2017-2018 was a rare cold winter in the Kuandian area of Dandong.No matter the average monthly minimum temperature or extreme minimum temperature,it reached the lowest temperature within ten years,and the temperature in January-February was lower than-20℃.The number of days reached 21 days.It can be seen that the low temperature lasted longer,and that year was even colder than Yanji in high latitudes.Cold damage caused a large number of stem-based rots,which led to tree death.Cold damage is closely related to the cultivation and management measures of Actinidia arguta,and the site conditions in the garden.Soil stickiness,poor drainage during the rainy season and other aeration conditions will cause root damage,lead to late growth stoppage,low branch maturity,and affect cold resistance;air circulation poor plots of cold air gathered and cold damage occurred,which affected the wintering properties of Actinidia arguta.Sticky soils,high groundwater levels,flat or low-lying lands that accumulate water,and trough valleys where cold air tends to accumulate are not suitable for planting Actinidia arguta.It is suggested that the Actinidia arguta orchard field is the most ideal for mountainous areas with good drainage and smooth air;non-flat land cultivation is not allowed,and sandy soil plots with good air circulation should be selected for planting and smooth drainage.If appropriate,appropriate protective measures can be taken to reduce low temperature damage,spray fungicides to prevent fungi and other fungal infections,reduce the incidence of stem-based rot,and reduce the rate of dead trees.