Research On The Spatial Pattern Reconstruction Of Rocky Desertification Of Cultivated Land In Jiaqing Period Of The Qing Dynasty

Guizhou is a province with the largest area and typical of rocky desertification in China.On the one hand,it will induce disasters of different degrees,the ecological environment is destroyed,and the natural carrying capacity is reduced,making the human ecological environment more fragile;On the other hand,the development and historical causes of rocky desertification are relatively scarce,especially the lack of exploration of the spatial distribution characteristics of rocky desertification in the historical period,leading to incomplete research on the causes and development mechanisms of rocky desertification,increasing the Prevention and governance difficulties.In view of the above problems,this paper uses the method of “partial dependence” based on historical land reconstruction methods and geographic information science and technology to construct a model of rock desertification spatial reconstruction in the historical period.Rocky desertification has occurred in Guizhou in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties.Northeast Guizhou was developed earlier in history,and the proportion of rocky desertification caused by the reclamation of sloping farmland was large.Therefore,in 1820 northeast Guizhou was taken as the research object to reconstruct the quantity and spatial distribution of rocky desertification in the area.The research contents are mainly in the following three aspects:(1)Reconstruct the amount of rocky desertification in cultivated land in 1820 according to the distribution law of modern rocky desertification and the actual situation in the region;(2)Constructing a model of rocky desertification spatial reconstruction,reconstructing the spatial pattern of rocky desertification of cultivated land in northeast Guizhou in 2010,and performing error analysis with remote sensing interpretation results to verify the feasibility of the model;(3)Rebuilding the spatial pattern of rocky desertification in cultivated land in 1820.The following conclusions can be obtained through research:(1)The formation of rocky desertification in modern cultivated land is affected by the natural base and human factors.The mountainous environment and abundant precipitation in the karst area of northeast Guizhou provide natural conditions for the formation of rocky desertification in cultivated land.Reclamation of steep slopes,deforestation and reclamation,and the cultivation of high-yield crops are the human factors that form the rocky desertification of arable land,and they are also the most important factors.During the historical period,the northeast Guizhou area was developed earlier,and large numbers of immigrants moved in,high-yield crops were introduced,and deforestation and land reclamation combined with natural factors affected the formation of rocky desertification in the area.(2)Based on historical land reconstruction methods and characteristics of the northeast of Guizhou,slope,elevation,precipitation,lithology,and soil-sand-soil ratio were selected as natural factors affecting rocky desertification of cultivated land,and distances from settlements,roads,and reclamation rates were used to affect cultivated land Human factors formed by rocky desertification,and then constructing a space reconstruction model of rocky desertification;(3)The reconstructed spatial pattern of cultivated rocky desertification in Northeast Guizhou in 2010 was more consistent with the actual distribution pattern using the model reconstruction.It can be seen that the model can be used to reconstruct the spatial pattern of cultivated rocky desertification in the region;The relative errors of the reconstruction results of different provinces are different.The reconstruction accuracy of Shiqian and Sinan provinces is higher,while the reconstruction accuracy of Tongren House and Songtao Hall is relatively low.(4)In 1820,the spatial pattern of rocky desertification in cultivated land was more distributed in the middle and southern parts of Sinan Province,and less in the north;the central part of Shiqian Prefecture was more concentrated;the northeast part of Songtao Hall was more distributed.(5)In 1820,20.87% of the grid in the region’s cultivated land had rocky desertification.Among them,the number of grids for rocky desertification in cultivated land in Sinan Province was the largest,followed by Shiqian Prefecture,Songtao Hall,and Tongren Prefecture.The average desertification rate of cultivated land in the whole region is 1.87%.Sinan Prefecture has the highest rate of desertification of cultivated land among provinces and departments,followed by Shiqian Prefecture,Songtao Hall,and Tongren Prefecture.The reconstruction of the spatial pattern of rocky desertification in the historical period has an important guiding role for further research on the formation mechanism and development process of rocky desertification,and at the same time it provides a certain reference for the prevention and treatment of rocky desertification.