Carrying Capacity Of Grassland And Techniques Regulatory Of Healthy Breeding Of Cattle And Sheep In The Karst Rocky Desertification Area Based On The Traditional Culture

The karst landforms in southern China are widely distributed,with a large area and rugged ground,and the backward economic andenvironment in the past have caused backward traffic and relatively conservative culture.Nowadays,with the increase of the population,the contradiction between people and land is becoming more and more serious,the soil erosion is serious,the ecosystem is becoming simpler,facing multiple dilemmas of cultural,ecological and economic,forms a special Karst "cultural vulnerability".Based on the theoretical foundations of human geography,ecology,botany,and animal husbandry,Three typical research areas,Bijie Salaxi research area,Guanling-Zhenfeng Huajiang research area and Shibing Karst research area,are selected in the mountainous area of Guizhou Plateau,which represents the overall structure of karst rocky desertification environment in southern China.On the basis of the physical and chemical properties of grassland soil,forage yield and quality and two socio-economic surveys of demonstration area from 2017 to 2020,three plots of representative ryegrass(Lolium perenne)and emperor bamboo(Pennisetumsinese)were selected for forage collection experiment.The data collection adopts the processing methods of grassland cutting and different grazing intensities to calculate the impact on the yield and quality of existing grassland pastures.The data obtained from the experiments are analyzed by comparative analysis and single factor analysis of variance.Use simple and clear experimental data to compare the effects of traditional planting methods and grassland animal husbandry on soil physical and chemical properties,forage yield and quality,promote farmers in the demonstration area to change backward cultural thoughts,and build a new situation of harmonious development between man,nature and society.(1)Different grades of rocky desertification areas on grassland animal husbandry development of the main cultural ideas,cultural concepts and other issues are not the same,Salaxi demonstration area has the highest proportion of optimistic attitudes in changing the way of using ideas and changing traditional planting methods,Shi Bing demonstration area is the second,and Huajiang demonstration area is the lowest.The main cultural and ideological problems in grassland animal husbandry in karst areas require government departments at all levels and relevant personnel to fully explore the connotation of traditional culture that is conducive to changing traditional ideology and culture,improving ecological awareness,changing traditional farming methods and technologies,and carrying out corresponding cultural and ideological transformation propaganda.Improving farmers’ cognition level of culture is not just blind persuasion.Promoting planting grass and raising livestock requires simple and clear measures and methods to stimulate farmers’ production enthusiasm and truly change the conservative cultural ideas and cultural concepts that hinder the development of grassland animal husbandry in this area.(2)Most of the rocky desertification areas are unwilling to adopt the way of raising cattle and sheep in captivity mainly because of the waste of time and energy in captivity.At present,grassland animal husbandry in karst area mainly has the following cultural and ideological problems: the farmers’ cognition of the influence of culture is insufficient,the ecological consciousness and the enthusiasm of breeding management are not high,these problems lead to the grassland carrying capacity can not meet the needs of cattle and sheep for nutrition and energy,and further hinder the sustainable development of grassland animal husbandry in the demonstration area.In view of these problems,excavating traditional culture is conducive to changing traditional ideology and culture,improving ecological awareness,changing traditional farming methods and technologies,and carrying out corresponding cultural and ideological propaganda.Improving farmers’ awareness of culture is conducive to the restoration of the ecological environment and the development of grassland animal husbandry in karst rocky desertification areas.(3)The soil physical properties after grazing cattle and sheep mainly show that with the increase of grazing intensity,the change of soil physical properties is greater.In severe grazing,except for the increase of soil bulk density,the other indexes decreased significantly with the increase of grazing intensity,and the soil water content decreased with the increase of grazing intensity,while the soil bulk density was the opposite.The TN,TP content was the highest in moderate grazing,and the SOC content gradually decreased with the increase of grazing intensity.After grazing,the TN,TP contents were highest at moderate grazing,and the TP content changed most significantly after grazing.Organic carbon gradually decreased with the increase of grazing intensity,and the contents of all indicators were at the lowest level under heavy grazing.Heavy grazing not only causes serious soil nutrient loss,resulting in the decline of forage quality and yield,but also exacerbates rocky desertification.Moderate grazing makes the soil nutrient content higher,and maintains moderate grazing to prevent soil fertility from accelerating loss and exacerbating rocky desertification.(4)When the height of stubble of emperor bamboo was 14 cm,the fresh grass yield and hay yield of forage was the highest,which was significantly higher than that of the other two groups(P<0.05),and with the increase of the number of mowing,the fresh grass yield and hay yield of forage increased.When the stubble height of emperor bamboo is 14 cm,the CP content of emperor bamboo is the highest,and when the height of mowing stubble is 18 cm,the CF content is the lowest.Moderate-intensive rocky desertification are not suitable for grazing,and emperor bamboo is growing vigorously.The results from different cutting stubble height experiments are as follow: When the cutting stubble height of emperor bamboo is 14 cm,the fresh grass yield and hay yield of forage is the highest,the nutrient content of forage is more abundant,which can ensure the nutrition and energy needed by cattle and sheep.And the simplest and most direct way of cutting stubble can directly drive farmers’ enthusiasm for planting grass and raising livestock,and change the farmers’ traditional planting ideas from production and life.(5)In order to improve the grassland carrying capacity and the benefits of cattle and sheep breeding,the selection of high-quality forage species and the techniques and management of forage planting should take into consideration the cultural and natural background of the region,the way of planting grass and raising livestock,and the characteristics of the environment of the region.The key techniques suitable for improving grassland carrying capacity and healthy breeding of cattle and sheep in rocky desertification improving grassland carrying capacity and healthy breeding of cattle and sheep in rocky desertification area were put forward,and the results obtained were demonstrated.Based on the existing techniques of grassland carrying capacity and healthy breeding of cattle and sheep in karst rocky desertification area,based on the existing technology,it was put forward key innovative technologies of grassland mixing sowing technology,grassland mowing technology,soil powder screening technology,cattle and sheep pen manure collection device,and cattle and sheep telescopic feeding through in this paper,the demonstration effect was obvious.