Study On Biochar-Blended Cultivation Substrate For Edible Fungus

Biochar is a kind of multifunctional material with rich carbon content,high porosity and large specific surface area,which has good application potential in edible fungi culture substrate.Edible fungus is an organic green food and has a large market demand.It is the current market demand to develop green and pollution-free edible fungus with high yield and quality.The development and research of biochar substrate for edible fungus has gradually attracted attention.In this paper,biochar was used as an additive to develop a new type of edible fungi cultivation matrix.The effects of different particle size and addition amount of biochar on mycelial growth rate,fruiting body yield,substrate p H and water retention rate,extracellular enzyme activity and lignocellulose degradation rate were studied,and the optimal formula of biochar edible fungi cultivation matrix was explored.The research results can provide new ideas for the improvement of mushroom cultivation matrix,provide technical support and theoretical basis for the mushroom cultivation industry,and help to improve the overall utilization efficiency of biomass resources and promote the sustainable development of the environment.The conclusions are as follows:(1)After three rounds of experiments,combined with mycelium growth and mushroom production,the results showed that adding biochar could accelerate mycelium growth,coconut shell biochar could be used as the kind of biochar,and Pleurotus ostreatus “Tianda300” was the suitable strain for biochar cultivation substrate.(2)By analyzing the yield of Pleurotus ostreatus,the yield of Pleurotus ostreatus in YX5 and YZ20 treatments was higher than that in YX10,YX15 and YX20 treatments,and the yield of Pleurotus ostreatus in YC20 was the lowest.The results showed that the particle size difference of biochar could significantly affect the yield of Pleurotus ostreatus.(3)Based on the analysis of the water retention rate of substrate,the water retention rate of blank control group was slightly lower than that of each treatment group of biochar cultivation matrix,so adding biochar can improve the water retention property of the cultivation matrix.(4)Based on the analysis of the p H value of substrate,the p H value of blank group(CK)showed a downward trend,and the p H value of each treatment group of biochar culture substrate was basically stable.Compared with the control group,the treatment group with biochar could maintain the stability of substrate p H value,which indicated that biochar acted as a buffer to a certain extent.(5)Based on the analysis of extracellular enzyme activity and lignocellulose degradation rate,the addition of biochar can accelerate the degradation of cellulose,hemicellulose and lignin.Especially from the analysis of laccase activity,it was found that the laccase played an important role in the process of lignin degradation.In conclusion,after three rounds of experiments,based on the comprehensive consideration of the growth rate and growth of Pleurotus ostreatus,fruit body yield,substrate water retention rate,p H value,enzyme activity and lignocellulose degradation rate,the best biochar addition rate for the edible fungus cultivation substrate was 15-20% of the medium-fine particle size(1-4mm).Within this range,the growth rate of mycelium and the yield of fruit bodies were greatly improved.