Research And Experiment Of Clay Potato Separation Device For Potato Harvester

Potato is one of the most important food crops in the world.The output of potato in China accounts for 20% of the world,which is of great significance to China’s food security.As the main potato planting land in China,Sichuan Province is in a hilly area,and the fields are small and scattered,so large harvesters are not suitable.The soil in Sichuan is mostly clay.For small plots and few types of clay harvesters,for potatoes produced by clay,the existing small potato harvesters cannot effectively separate the soil and potatoes.The potato is buried at a higher rate for higher harvesting problems.In this paper,the current situation and problems of potato harvesting machinery in hilly clay regions are studied.The potato soil separation device of the harvester is modeled and analyzed using three-dimensional software,and the model is analyzed and optimized using the finite element analysis method,through experimental research to determine the optimal design parameters.The main content and results of this article are as follows:(1)The development status of the existing small potato harvester was reviewed,and a potato soil separation device for separable potatoes in clay areas was improved and optimized.(2)According to the requirements for potato planting,relevant test tests were carried out to determine the moisture content range of the soil: 9.08%-18.5%,the soil compactness range was determined to be 253.8-2151 kpa,and the agronomy of potato planting was determined.It provides basic data for the research of potato soil separation device.(3)Based on the potato harvest data obtained in the previous period,analyze the advantages and disadvantages of various types of small potato harvesters,and determine the overall plan of the potato potato soil separation device as a lift chain soil potato separation device.The lift chain model is selected with a rod type.In order to ensure the separation of potato soil on the clay ground,a two-stage separation device is used in the lifting chain.The first-stage separation device has a width of 1000 mm,the diameter of the first-stage elevator chain is 10 mm,the distance between the bars is 50 mmand the second-stage separation device rods The diameter of the bar is 10 mm,and the distance between the bars is 46 mm.The shaker selects two-wheel swing and triangle swing shaker.According to the clay separation,the amplitude range of the shaker of the primary separation device is 20-60 mm,and the amplitude of the shaker of the secondary separation device is 10-The diameter of the shaker roller is 40 mm,and the working radius is 97.5mm.(4)From the perspective of kinematics,the movement of potatoes and soil on the potato-soil separation device is analyzed.The main factors affecting the separation of potato-soil are the length of the lifting chain,the amplitude of the shaker,and the linear velocity of the lifting chain.The length of the transport chain is 2.5-4.1m in the first stage,and the length of the transport chain in the second stage is 1.8-3.6m;the linear velocity of the transport chain in the first stage is 0.8-2.4m / s,and the linear velocity of the transport chain in the second stage is 0.6-1.4m / s.(5)Use the 3D software Solid Works to perform 3D solid modeling on the potato soil separation device to verify the feasibility of the designed mechanism.Use the finite element analysis software ANSYS to analyze the entire mechanism to verify the rationality of the force of each component.(6)A prototype of a soil potato separation device was designed,and a test bench was set up for potato soil separation experiments.The quadrature orthogonal rotation combination test was used to determine the optimal combination parameters of the entire mechanism.The test results were analyzed and tested.The parameters are optimized,and the length of the first-stage elevator chain is 2.9-3.8m,the first-stage jitter is 26-46 mm,the speed of the first-stage elevator chain is 1.2-1.75 m / s,and the length of the second-stage elevator chain is 2-2.5 m,at this time,the performance of the potato injury rate is the lowest,and the potato injury rate range is 1.2-1.5%.The obtained results are better than the national standard.Based on the obtained parameter combinations,experimental verification is performed to determine the separation effect.The verification device meets the operating requirements of Sichuan clay area.