Breeding Of Excellent Strain Of Auricularia Auricula Study On Se-rich Cultivation Techniques

Black edible fungus industry has played a positive role in agricultural structure adjustment,farmers’ income and poverty alleviation.With the development of China’s economy and the improvement of people’s living standard,people have higher and higher requirements for the yield and quality of black fungus,and the existing varieties are far from meeting the market demand.Therefore,it is urgent to select and breed high yielding and high quality black fungus varieties.In this paper,a systematic study was conducted in terms of variety comparison,hybrid selection and selenium-rich cultivation techniques of Auricularia auricula.The main research results are as follows.1.21 Auricularia auricula varieties(strains)were studied,and their basic agronomic traits were clarified by bag material cultivation.The strains Au-4,Au-19,Au-14,Au-16 and Au-10 were identified as excellent strains by fuzzy comprehensive evaluation and comprehensive selection index method,which can be used as parents for cross breeding and also for selection of local spring varieties.2.The ITS sequences and agronomic trait indexes of 21 Auricularia auricula varieties were clustered by NJ method and intergroup linkage method,respectively.The results showed that the 21 strains could be clustered into two categories by ITS sequences and three categories by agronomic traits,and the results obtained by the two clustering methods were basically consistent,indicating that the homology of the currently cultivated Auricularia auricula varieties in China is high.3.The ITS sequence analysis,agronomic traits and basic nutrient composition of M-12,M-13 and M-14 were determined by using Qinling Auricularia auricula as the research objects.The results showed that: 1)strains M-12 and M-13 have large sequence differences and are genetically distant from the black fungus strains in the NCBI library.The strain M-14 belongs to the same genus Mucor and strain LE 296422 of short-haired fungus species is more closely related(99.41%);2)strain M-12 has good production performance with high crude protein content(17.8%),high amino acid and essential amino acid content,and is a high-yielding and high-quality strain.4.34 hybrid strains were obtained by crossbreeding,and were analyzed by ITS sequence and production performance.The results showed that the 34 hybrids could be divided into 3 categories;the agronomic traits of different hybrid strains differed significantly.Among them,strains A27-M2(34),A3-M(10),m-a3(32)and m-a24(20)were excellent hybrid strains,which are to be further selected.5.The strain(Au-19)with the strongest tolerance to selenium salt was selected from 21 Auricularia auricula species(strains),and this strain was used as a research object to select the selenium salt protectant and its optimum use ratio.After selenium enrichment cultivation,the enrichment of substrates could reach 288 mg/kg.