| Chinese bayberry(Morella rubra Sieb.et Zucc.)is mainly cultivated in provinces south of the Yangtze River in China.In Zhejiang Province,the fruit usually ripens in June,when it is prone to the rainy season.Bayberry fruit is perishable and is hard for long time storage and long distance transportation.Facility cultivation can change fruit development and ripening,shelter fruit from rain and insects,and thus it plays important role in producing fruit of high quality in fruit industry.However,effects of facility cultivation on postharvest quality of bayberry fruit remain unknown.In the present study,mature fruits of ‘Biqi’ and ‘Dongkui’ under different cultivation conditions were investigated for their postharvest behavior.Main results are as follows:1.Postharvest fruit quality between facility cultivation and open field cultivation were analyzed and compared.The fruit ripening period can be advanced in facility cultivation,while fruit quality indext such as CIRG,single fruit weight,vertical and horizontal diameter,firmness,soluble solids(TSS),soluble sugar and organic acid content are not significantly changed.This indicates that facility cultivation can advance fruit ripening period whitout affecting fruit quality.There was a significant difference in rainfall during the ripening seasons of bayberry fruits in 2019 and 2020.In the year with more rain(2020),fruit of the rain-shelter cultivation showed stronger flavor,and the content of terpene volatile substances was significantly higher than that of fruit grown in the open field.It showed that the aroma quality of fruits cultivated in rain-shelter cultivation was better than that of open field.The isoquercitrin content of fruits cultivated in rain-shelter in 2020 was significantly higher than that of fruits cultivated in open field.In addition,facility cultivation had no significant effect on the content of flavonoids such as anthocyanins,quercetin,myricitin,and hyperoside in fruits.2.Postharvest storage behavior between facility cultivation and open field cultivation were analyzed and compared.At either room temperature(20℃)or at low temperature(0℃),fruits of facility cultivation showed smaller changes in rot index and weight loss rate than those in open field cultivation.Fruit Firmness of the facilitated cultivation was higher than that of the open field cultivation,and there is no significant difference in the changes of CIRG,TSS,etc.This indicates that facility cultivation has improved the post-harvest storage of Chinese bayberry fruit to a certain extent,which may be related to its role in shelter fruit from rain and insects.3.Effects of five different packaging methods on maintaining fruit quality after transportation were analyzed and compared.It was found that: package 2(single-layer paper box + vacuum)showed the best protective effect on fruit during transportation and maintained the best fruit quality.Such package can be extended for wider application as high-quality fruit packaging.Package 3(single-layer cake tray + plastic box + vacuum)also showed good protective effect on fruit quality after transportation.Package 1(single-layer plastic packaging board + vacuum),package 4(multi-layer bulk in plastitc basket + vacuum),package 5(multi-layer bulk in plastitc basket + Chinese bayberry leaf)has poor shock absorption effects,and they showed significant loss during the commercialized logistics.It is only suitable for stable logistics mode during short distance transportation.By comparing the difference between the quality and storage behavior of fruits of facility cultivation and open field cultivation,it is found that facility cultivation may improve fruit quality and storage ability through rain protection and insect control.In addition,combined with fruit packaging and transportation experiments,the present study provides a basis for improving the quality and efficiency of Chinese bayberry production,maintaining postharvest quality,and reducing losses. |
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