| Thedevelopment of modern broiler breeding industry is rapid,thedevelopment of broiler breeding has reached the peak period,highdensity breeding,high yield has become a common breeding model.This kind of breeding mode is easy to causediseases of livestock and poultry.In order to maintain rapidgrowth of livestock and poultry and resistdiseases,a large number of antibiotics are used.The misuse of antibiotics not only makes the bacteria resistant to treatment but also contaminates the environment withdrug residues.To this end,people began to look for alternative antibiotics additives,such as microecological preparations,probiotics,plant extracts,Chinese herbal medicine preparations,such asgreen pollution-free additives began to become popular.Chinese herbal medicine isguided by the theory of traditional medicine in China,through the use of Chinese herbal medicine alone or in combination,to achieve the role of livestock and poultrygrowth promotion,disease prevention and treatment,compared with antibiotics,Chinese herbal medicine has the advantages of safety,green,nodrug resistance.In this study,the effects of various Chinese herbs on the production performance,antioxidant function,serum biochemical indexes and intestinal flora of yellow-feathered broilers were investigated by animal experiments.In this study,600 1-day-old health yellow-feather broilers were randomlydivided into 5groups: controlgroup,antibioticgroup,Scutellariagroup(with superfine powder 2g/kg),Coptisgroup(with superfine powder 2g/kg),and Magnolia officinalisgroup(with superfine powder 2g/kg).The trial period is 63d.Thedaily food intake and the body weight at the first,21,42 and 63d were recorded,and the averagedaily weightgain,averagedaily food intake and feed weight ratio of each stage were calculated.Weigh the immune organs of 21,42 and63d,and calculate the immune organ index.Serum,liver,intestinal tract and other samples were collected from 21,42 and 63d,and indicators of serum antioxidant enzyme,intestinal microorganism andgene expression weredetected.The results showed that:(1)At 1-21d,the final weight of the antibioticgroup and the Chinese herbal medicinegroup was significantly increased,reaching 392.38g,400.90g,394.00g,418.87g(P<0.05),respectively.The averagedaily weightgain reached 16.93g,17.31g,16.98g,and 18.11g(P<0.05),significantly reducing the material weight ratio(P<0.05).In 22-42d,the averagedaily food intake of the Coptisgroup was significantly reduced.Compared with the controlgroup,the final weight of the Magnolia officinalisgroup was increased to 1088.67g(P<0.05).The final weight of the Coptisgroup was significantly reduced to 67.69g(P<0.05).In 42-63d,the averagedaily food intake of Coptisgroup was 72.44g,significantly lower than that of the controlgroup(P<0.05).From 1 to 63d,the averagedaily food intake of the Chinese herbal medicinegroup was 55.04g,52.71g,56.41g,which was significantly lower than that of the controlgroup(P<0.05).(2)At the age of 21days,GSH-Px in each testgroup was significantly higher than that in the controlgroup(P<0.05).MDA content was significantly lower than that of the controlgroup(P<0.05).The T-AOC of Coptisgroup was significantly higher than that of controlgroup(P<0.05).The activity of total superoxidedismutase in serum of 42-day-old broilers was significantly increased in the Coptisgroup(P<0.05).At the age of 63days,GSH-Px in the Chinese herbal medicinegroup was significantly higher than that in the controlgroup(P<0.05).The T-SOD in Coptisgroup was significantly higher than that in controlgroup(P<0.05).(3)There was no significantdifference in 21d and 42d albumin,total protein,cholesterol,triglyceride between the testgroup and the controlgroup(P > 0.05).In 42d,the uric acid content of Magnolia officinalisgroup was the highest(P < 0.05).Compared with the controlgroup,the content of 63d cholesterol was significantly reduced in the Coptisgroup(P<0.05).(4)On 63d,the expression of EAAT3gene in the antibioticgroup and Magnolia officinalisgroup was significantly higher than that in the controlgroup(P<0.05).On 21d,compared with the controlgroup,the expression of GSH-Pxgene in each experimentalgroup was significantly increased(P<0.05),and the expression of SODgene in Coptisgroup and magnolia officinalisgroup was the highest(P<0.05).In 42d,the expression levels of GSH-Pxgene and SODgene were the highest in the magnolia officinalisgroup(P<0.05).63d,the expression levels of GSH-Px in the Scutellariagroup and Magnolia officinalisgroup were significantlydifferent from those in the controlgroup(P<0.05),and there were significantdifferences between the antibioticgroup and Scutellariagroup(P<0.05).(5)On the phylum level of 21,42 and 63d yellow-feathered broiler’s Cecal microorganism,Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes accounted for more than 95 % of the cecum microorganisms.At thegenus level,the top ten relative abundance species accounted for more than 70% of the cecum microorganisms,and Bacteroidetes was a commondominantgenus.According to the PCA and PCo A plots,the flora composition structure of Coptisgroup on 21d was significantlydifferent from that of the controlgroup,and the flora composition structure of each experimentalgroup was significantlydifferent from that of the controlgroup on 63d.According to the results of this study,Chinese herbal medicine can improve the performance of yellow broilers and enhance the antioxidant capacity. |
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