Study On Pollination Technology Of Almond(Prunus Dulcis)in Xinjiang

In general conditions,self-sterility of almonds is infertile,and bee pollination is often used to improve fruit setting rate in the production of almonds in Xinjiang.In order to improve the yield of almond trees in artificial pollination,the aim of this study was to study the effect of different growth regulators on the pollen germination and growth of almond trees by directional quantitative pollination.The effects of different growth regulators on the pollen germination of five varieties of almonds and the germination rate of pollen stored at-40℃ were investigated.The main results are as follows:1.In Shache county,the single anther of almonds ’Zhipi’ and ’Xiaoruanke’ produced more pollen,while the pollen of two American almonds ’Misson’ and ’Nonpareil’ produced less pollen.There are great differences between local varieties and foreign varieties.The results showed that the pollen viability of the selected five varieties of almonds was still good after storage at-40℃ for one year,and the best method of thawing the pollen at-40℃ was thawing in 37℃ warm water for 5 minutes.2.The best medium for pollen in vitro culture of ’Wanfeng’ is adding 0.1%urea,0.03%boric acid,0.005%calcium chloride,0.0001%indole acetic acid,0.0015%gibberellin and 10%sucrose.The pollen germination rate was over 15.25%and the pollen tube length was over 467.77 μm.3.The highest fruit setting rate for almond pollination was ’Nonpareil’ pollen;the best pollination effect for almond pollen was the pollen of ’Wanfeng’;among the pollination of ’Wanfeng’ almond,the mixed pollen of 50%’Zhipi’ and 50%’Xiaoruanke’ had the most significant effect.When liquid pollination pollen was added at 1 g·L-1,it was the best.’Wanfeng’ varieties of almond seeds were assisted by liquid spray assisted pollination,the yield increased by 39.86%,and the yield of liquid spray assisted pollination of varieties ’Xiaoruanke’ was increased by 37.14%,and that of varieties ’Zhipi’ was increased by 23.67%.The results showed that liquid spray assisted pollination could effectively increase the yield of almonds.