Design And Experiment Of Rape Seeding Control System Based On Test Plot Operation

At present,automatic breeding has a certain scalein the developed countries,its technical scope contains variable fertilization,quantity sowing,field positioning,breeding planning and so on.With the comprehensive use of advanced technologies such as sensor detection,GPS,automatic control and GIS,many commercialized precision breeding machines have been produced and developed in the market.However,the researchanddevelopmentcost of most polt breeding machines is relatively high,and the working effect in outdoor environment will be affected by soil conditions and other factors.In recent years,the development of precision agriculture in our country has got large,the breeding seed structureand precision seeding control have made many achievements,butour country polt seeder is still in the low level of automation and precision,the specific performance in:hard to adjust seeding rate in different field automatically,field between automatic cleaning operation is complex,mechanical seeding accuracy is not high,so it’s hard to meet plot breeding and efficient work.In order to solve this problem and meet the agronomic requirements of plot breeding and sowing,To solve this problem,the design and test of the control system of plot seeding device based on small area operation were carried out in this paper,Hope to reduce the manual labor intensity and improve the efficiency of plot breeding.In this paper,because of the precision of mechanical seeding in plot breeding is low,so it’s difficult to meet the needs of automatic regulation of seeding parameters and uniform seeding in plot under multiple plots.On the basis of the existing plug-in precision seed planter,the planting map is constructed by using GIS(Geographical Information System)software in combination with the characteristics of the plot,which is convenient to query the current sowing quantity according to the positioning information,and the human-computer interaction interface is designed for convenient operation and communication control.Using GPS and laser ranging technology to realize precise positioning of sowing fields,combining with electronic seeding control technologythe precise seeding control system for plot breeding was designed.The main research contents are as follows:(1)according to the data,the sowing length of the plot is generally about 2-10 m,and the number of sowing rows is 2-12 and the distribution is regular.Most of the test blocks are planned in natural plots,The breeding plot is divided by The border of the experimental area,the plots map is mapped and transmitted to the computer.The plots is divided and drawn by laser message:the plot boundary position information and plot seeding information are stored in the GIS layer.the speed of the plot breeding mechine lower than 4.5 km/h;It is difficult for a single GPS module to meet the requirements of speed measurement and positioning accuracy.In the daytime,the accuracy test was carried out on the ranging of(10,20,30,40m),and the error was relatively large under the lower and higher ranging conditions,of which the maximum error was 10cm.The maximum coefficient of variation is 0.68%,and the distance measurement fluctuates little near the set value,which meets the positioning requirements.(2)when the precision breeding sowing dibbling control system is in working mode,it receives the sowing prescription quantity information sent by the computer in real time,and realizes the uniform sowing control through the adaptive algorithm.In addition,the automatic seed clearing function is realized by opening the seed clearing switch at the field boundary.The control system of the control system mainly completes the communication of thecomputer,the collection of speed measuring signal and the automatic adjustment of seed arranging speed,etc.The hardware modules mainly include the main control module,the sensor speed measuring module,the seed driving module and the data display module.Control program design according to the main function of the main control program,driver subroutine,digital tube display subroutine,and control algorithm program.(3)The upper computer system based on GIS development software is designed to achieve good human-computer interaction:PC control system is to realize the plot breeding orientation and the main part of the sow prescriptions of decision-making,the author through the Windows on the pycharm editor to design graphical interface,secondary development of GIS software system at the same time,through the real-time GPS data to a single test area as positioning unit,which can identify test area by the ray method,access to the range of information and map storage area boundary conditions,implement the regional field orientation,query into the field of seeding information sent to the seeding controller.(4)The experiment of rapeseed sowing control system based on small area operation was carried out:the motor was used to simulate the sowing machine running on the test bench of the control system,and the seeding motor control precision test was carried out under the condition of no-load,load and dynamic change of speed of the simulate motor under the condition of set speed.The test results show that the variation coefficient is 4.85%,the average deviation is 3.72%,and the speed is sTab.under the condition of no load.Three charging load parameters(10,13.8,17.5n.m)higher than the metering device were selected,and the control accuracy of the system motor speed was all greater than 90%.The load variation within the rated torque range of the motor would not significantly affect the control accuracy.The system set the sowing parameter of 12cm,and the average error of the motor control was 9.32%and the maximum error was 11.26%under the 3 variation of the speed of the machine.choose and carry out three seeding machine speed,conventional hole on the bench test,the machine operation speed of three steps 0.85,1.1,1.35 m.s,the control system in the plant parameters when fixed with operation speed,the hole is apart at the average coefficient of variation(12.18%,12.64%,13.33%),fixed operation speed under the condition of setting a hole(8,12,16 cm)increases,the average coefficient of variation(14.72%,12.47%,10.97%)get lower and seed stability improved.The variation coefficient max value can reach 15.28%.Set the location information in planning area and its seeding parameters,structures,outdoor system debugging after bench test,the selected speed 0.4 m/s,after the experimental plot the positioning of the test system motor speed control accuracy and system response,the test results show that the system can accurately judge according to the village hole distance(8,12,16 cm)and adjust the motor speed running on the target,its corresponding to maximum speed relative errors were 11.2%,7.5%,6.1%,read distance data collection after the boundary to control motor stalling maximum response time<1.2 s.