| In this study,we conducted a descriptive analysis and evaluation on the nutrient status of tobacco-growing soil in Ji’an tobacco-growing areas by sampling the Anfu,Yongfeng and Xiajiang tobacco areas in the early stage,so as to determine the abundance and deficiency of nutrients in the tobacco-growing soil in the area and the impact on tobacco Obstacles to production.The application of zinc and boron fertilizers in tobacco-growing soil in Ji’an tobacco area was studied through the method of plot test,and the following research results were obtained:1.The evaluation results of the nutrient element abundance and deficiency of tobacco-growing soil in Ji’an tobacco area show that most of the tobacco-growing soil in Ji’an tobacco area is acidic or slightly acidic,which is suitable for normal tobacco growth as a whole;the organic matter content in Anfu,Yongfeng and Xiajiang tobacco areas are all within the suitable range,the organic matter content in the Xiajiang tobacco area has a large variation and uneven distribution;the nitrogen content is appropriate,the available phosphorus content is high,and the available potassium content is low.Among them,89%of the tobacco-growing soils in the Xiajiang tobacco area have varying degrees of potassium deficiency The content of soil exchangeable calcium and soil exchangeable magnesium in the tobacco-growing soils of the 3 tobacco-producing counties is suitable.Among them,the content of exchangeable calcium in Anfu and Xiajiang tobacco areas is relatively high;the content of available sulfur in Anfu and Yongfeng is relatively low,and the content of available sulfur in Xiajiang tobacco areas is relatively low.The content is appropriate.Among the trace elements,the three tobacco-producing counties all have different degrees of boron deficiency;the effective zinc content of Xiajiang is relatively rich,Yongfeng is more suitable,and Anfu County has reached the critical value of zinc deficiency.Therefore,in the process of fertilization,attention should be paid to control the balance of nitrogen fertilizer application,reduce the application of phosphate fertilizer,and increase the application of potassium fertilizer.If the effective boron content in the trace elements is low,the application of boron fertilizer should be increased appropriately.In the Anfu and Yongfeng tobacco areas,the application of zinc fertilizer should be supplemented appropriately.The application of zinc fertilizer should be controlled in the Xiajiang tobacco area.2.The test results of increased zinc fertilizer application in Anfu tobacco area showed that the increased application of zinc fertilizer increased the leaf area,plant height,stem circumference and pitch of flue-cured tobacco.Among them,T4(zinc fertilizer 22.5kg/hm~2)The treatment effect was the best,with an increase of 15.83%,6.75%,2.61%and1.81%respectively compared with the control;in terms of photosynthetic indicators,T4(zinc fertilizer 22.5 kg/hm~2)and T7(15 and 30 days after transplanting with zinc fertilizer Spraying 2%zinc sulfate at a dosage of 3 kg/hm~2)treatment significantly increased,and T4(zinc fertilizer 22.5 kg/hm~2)treatment significantly increased the SPAD value;in terms of yield and output value,T7(15 and 30 days after transplanting with zinc fertilizer Spraying2%zinc sulfate at a dosage of 3 kg/hm~2)Compared with the control,the yields of the treatments of spraying 2%zinc sulfate at the dosage of 3 kg/hm~2and T4(zinc fertilizer22.5 kg/hm~2)were increased by 7.55%and 6.46%respectively compared with the control.T7(15 and 30 days after transplanting with zinc fertilizer Spraying 2%zinc sulfate at a dosage of 3 kg/hm~2)and T4(zinc fertilizer 22.5 kg/hm~2)treatment increased by 3328.65yuan/hm~2and 3298.92 yuan/hm~2compared with the control.On the other hand,compared with the control,each treatment with increased zinc fertilizer has different degrees of improvement or improvement in tobacco chemical composition,aroma substance and sensory evaluation.Among them,T4(zinc fertilizer 22.5 kg/hm~2),T7(15 and 30 days after transplanting with zinc fertilizer Spraying 2%zinc sulfate at a dosage of 3 kg/hm~2)The chemical composition is the most coordinated,the content of neutral aroma substances is higher,the key indicators are better,the aroma quality is good,and the aroma is large.,The overall quality is better;as far as the fertilization method is concerned,with the increase of zinc application in the various treatments of soil fertilization,the quality of flue-cured tobacco shows a trend of first increasing and then decreasing.In T4(soil application of zinc fertilizer 22.5 kg/hm~2)treatment The quality of flue-cured tobacco reached the best;the foliar spraying treatment showed that spraying twice(spraying 2%zinc sulfate at a dosage of 3 kg/hm~2at 15 and 30 days after transplanting with zinc fertilizer)is better than spraying 1 time(spraying 2%zinc sulfate at a dosage of 3 kg/hm~215 days after transplanting with zinc fertilizer).Increased application of zinc fertilizer can improve the quality of flue-cured tobacco,and foliar application of zinc fertilizer is better than soil application.3.The test results of increased application of boron fertilizer in Anfu tobacco area showed that:increased application of boron fertilizer had a certain promoting effect on the growth and development of flue-cured tobacco,and significantly increased the plant height,leaf length and leaf width of the flue-cured tobacco after the budding stage.The effect of stem circumference and pitch of stalk was not significant;the SPAD value of each treatment was significantly higher than that of the control,and the photosynthetic indicators were also significantly enhanced,and increased with the increase of fertilization;the yield and output value of each treatment with increased application of boron fertilizer were significantly higher Compared with the control,the T6(Boron fertilizer 22.5 kg/hm~2in soil)treatment reached the maximum,and the yield and output value were increased by33.91%and 36.03%,respectively,compared with the control.The difference was significant;the chemical composition of each treatment with increased boron fertilizer was more coordinated and approached the chemical composition ratio of high-quality tobacco.High content of sexual aroma substances,better performance of aroma substances indicators,good aroma quality,sufficient aroma,sensory evaluation The score is higher and the overall performance is better.Therefore,increased application of boron fertilizer has a certain promotion effect on the growth and development,output value and quality of tobacco leaves.Among them,the fertilization of 22.5kg/hm~2performs best.In terms of fertilization method,basal application is better than basal application+leaf surface.The effect of spraying. |
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